Jiang Ying, Chen Yu, Yao Jihang, Tian Yong, Su Lve, Li Youqiong
*Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University †Department of the Human anatomy, Jilin Medical College ‡Department of the Human anatomy, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
J Craniofac Surg. 2015 Oct;26(7):2180-3. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000000207.
The aim of this study was to measure the related parameters of the cochlea, so as to allow preoperative assessment of the anatomic relationship of the petrous internal carotid artery (ICA), the facial nerve (FN), and the cochlea during skull base surgery. Seven parameters of these 3 structures were examined in the computed tomographic scan of 120 patients. The shortest distance from the cupula cochleae to the petrous ICA and the FN is as follows: 19.39 (1.01) mm to the stylomastoid foramen (D2), 10.27 (0.80) mm to the midpoint of the genu of FN canal (D3), 13.66 (0.88) mm to the exocranial opening of the carotid canal (D4), and 5.64 (1.03) mm to the midpoint of carotid knee (D5). The shortest distance between the mastoid segment of FN canal and the vertical segment of the petrous ICA (D6) was 13.33 (1.25) mm. The angle between D2 and D3 was measured at 45.66 (3.31)°, and the angle between D4 and D5 was measured at 41.08 (2.64)°. Clinically, it is relatively safe to work within the distances and angles measured in this research, and these results may give surgeons a practical and specific view of these 3 structures in the skull base approaches such as anterior transpetrosal approach to achieve the best possible surgical outcome and maximize safety.
本研究的目的是测量耳蜗的相关参数，以便在颅底手术期间对岩骨段颈内动脉（ICA）、面神经（FN）和耳蜗的解剖关系进行术前评估。在120例患者的计算机断层扫描中检查了这3个结构的7个参数。从蜗顶到岩骨段ICA和FN的最短距离如下：到茎乳孔（D2）为19.39（1.01）mm，到FN管膝部中点（D3）为10.27（0.80）mm，到颈动脉管颅外口（D4）为13.66（0.88）mm，到颈动脉膝部中点（D5）为5.64（1.03）mm。FN管乳突段与岩骨段ICA垂直段之间的最短距离（D6）为13.33（1.25）mm。D2与D3之间的夹角为45.66（3.31）°，D4与D5之间的夹角为41.08（2.64）°。临床上，在本研究测量的距离和角度范围内操作相对安全，这些结果可为外科医生在颅底手术入路（如经岩骨前入路）中观察这3个结构提供实用且具体的视角，从而实现最佳手术效果并最大限度提高安全性。
