Jenkins David A, Millan-Hernandez Christian, Cline Andrew R, McElrath Thomas C, Irish Brian, Goenaga Ricardo
USDA-ARS-Tropical Agriculture Research Station, 2200 Ave., P.A. Campos, Ste. 201, Mayaguez 00680, Puerto Rico. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Health & Pest Prevention Services, 3294 Meadowview Rd., Sacramento, CA 95832.
USDA-ARS-Tropical Agriculture Research Station, 2200 Ave., P.A. Campos, Ste. 201, Mayaguez 00680, Puerto Rico.
J Econ Entomol. 2015 Aug;108(4):1923-9. doi: 10.1093/jee/tov136. Epub 2015 May 29.
Atemoya is a hybrid between Annona squamosa L. and Annona cherimola Miller (Annonaceae) and has potential to be an important fruit crop in tropical and subtropical areas. A major impediment to fruit production is low fruit set due to inadequate pollinator visits, typically, by beetles in the family Nitidulidae. We used Universal moth traps to monitor the attractiveness of two commercially available Nitidulidae lures in combination with various food attractants, including raw bread dough, apple juice, and malta beverage, a soft drink by-product of the brewing process. The most commonly trapped beetles were, in order of decreasing frequency, Carpophilus dimidiatus (F.), Brachypeplus mutilatus Erichson, Urophorus humeralis (F.) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), and Europs fervidus Blatchley (Coleoptera: Monotomidae). All traps, except the unbaited control traps, caught beetles. In a previous study, we found that combining two commercial lures had a synergistic effect on the attraction of these beetle species. In this study, the addition of food attractants increased the number of beetles trapped compared with traps baited with only the commercial lures. Also, food attractants appear to be key in attracting U. humeralis; only one U. humeralis individual of the 206 caught during the experiment was trapped without a food attractant. The variation between the number of beetles caught in traps containing the same treatments was high and may explain the erratic results reported in other studies of pollination in Annona spp. The results are discussed with respect to the use of nitidulid lures and food attractants to increase fruit set in atemoya and other Annonaceae.
番荔枝番荔枝是番荔枝（Annona squamosa L.）和毛叶番荔枝（Annona cherimola Miller）（番荔枝科）的杂交种，有潜力成为热带和亚热带地区的一种重要水果作物。水果产量的一个主要障碍是授粉者访问不足导致的坐果率低，通常是由露尾甲科的甲虫进行授粉。我们使用通用诱蛾器监测两种市售露尾甲科诱饵与各种食物引诱剂（包括生面包面团、苹果汁和麦芽饮料，一种酿造过程中的软饮料副产品）组合的吸引力。按捕获频率从高到低排序，最常捕获的甲虫依次为二斑露尾甲（Carpophilus dimidiatus (F.)）、残缺短跗露尾甲（Brachypeplus mutilatus Erichson）、肩毛露尾甲（Urophorus humeralis (F.)）（鞘翅目：露尾甲科）和热情欧罗甲（Europs fervidus Blatchley）（鞘翅目：单跗甲科）。除了未设诱饵的对照诱捕器外，所有诱捕器都捕获到了甲虫。在之前的一项研究中，我们发现将两种商业诱饵组合对这些甲虫物种的吸引力有协同作用。在本研究中，与仅用商业诱饵设饵的诱捕器相比，添加食物引诱剂增加了捕获的甲虫数量。此外，食物引诱剂似乎是吸引肩毛露尾甲的关键；在实验期间捕获的206只肩毛露尾甲中，只有1只是在没有食物引诱剂的情况下被捕获的。在含有相同处理的诱捕器中捕获的甲虫数量之间的差异很大，这可能解释了其他番荔枝属授粉研究中报道的不稳定结果。本文就使用露尾甲诱饵和食物引诱剂来提高番荔枝和其他番荔枝科植物的坐果率进行了讨论。
