MacEntee Michael I, Brondani Mario
Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2016 Apr;44(2):109-18. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12198. Epub 2015 Oct 16.
The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) has been translated for comparisons across cultural boundaries. This report on a systematic search of literature published between 1994 and 2014 aims to identify an acceptable method of translating psychometric instruments for cross-cultural equivalence, and how they were used to translate the OHIP. An electronic search used the keywords 'cultural adaptation', 'validation', 'Oral Health Impact Profile' and 'OHIP' in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases supplemented by reference links and grey literature. It included papers on methods of cross-cultural translation and translations of the OHIP for dentulous adults and adolescents, and excluded papers without translational details or limited to specific disorders. The search identified eight steps to cross-cultural equivalence, and 36 (plus three supplemental) translations of the OHIP. The steps involve assessment of (i) forward/backward translation by committee, (ii) constructs, (iii) item interpretations, (iv) interval scales, (v) convergent validity, (vi) discriminant validity, (vii) responsiveness to clinical change and (viii) pilot tests. Most (>60%) of the translations involved forward/backward translation by committee, item interpretations, interval scales, convergence, discrimination and pilot tests, but fewer assessed the underlying theory (47%) or responsiveness to clinical change (28%). An acceptable method for translating quality of life-related psychometric instruments for cross-cultural equivalence has eight procedural steps, and most of the 36 OHIP translations involved at least five of the steps. Only translations to Saudi Arabian Arabic, Chinese Mandarin, German and Japanese used all eight steps to claim cultural equivalence with the original OHIP.
口腔健康影响概况（OHIP）已被翻译，以便进行跨文化比较。本报告对1994年至2014年间发表的文献进行系统检索，旨在确定一种可接受的心理测量工具跨文化等效性翻译方法，以及这些方法如何用于OHIP的翻译。电子检索在MEDLINE和EMBASE数据库中使用了“文化适应”“验证”“口腔健康影响概况”和“OHIP”等关键词，并辅以参考文献链接和灰色文献。检索包括关于跨文化翻译方法以及OHIP在有牙成年人和青少年中的翻译的论文，排除了没有翻译细节或仅限于特定疾病的论文。检索确定了跨文化等效性的八个步骤，以及36种（外加三种补充）OHIP的翻译。这些步骤包括评估：（i）委员会进行的正向/反向翻译；（ii）结构；（iii）项目解释；（iv）区间量表；（v）收敛效度；（vi）区分效度；（vii）对临床变化的反应性；（viii）预试验。大多数（>60%）翻译涉及委员会进行的正向/反向翻译、项目解释、区间量表、收敛性、区分性和预试验，但较少评估潜在理论（47%）或对临床变化的反应性（28%）。一种可接受的用于翻译与生活质量相关的心理测量工具以实现跨文化等效性的方法有八个程序步骤，36种OHIP翻译中的大多数至少涉及其中五个步骤。只有翻译成沙特阿拉伯语、汉语普通话、德语和日语的版本使用了所有八个步骤来宣称与原始OHIP具有文化等效性。
