Wellsh Bobby M, Kuzma Jerzy M
Emergency Medicine, Port Moresby General Hospital, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
Divine Word University, Madang, Papua New Guinea.
Am J Emerg Med. 2016 Jan;34(1):40-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.09.013. Epub 2015 Sep 21.
Pediatric forearm fractures are a common presentation in emergency departments in Papua New Guinea. Often these children undergo "blind" closed reduction with reduction adequacy assessed by standard radiographs. This study aims to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound (US) in guiding closed reduction of pediatric forearm fractures in a resource-limited setting.
We recruited consecutive children with closed forearm fractures requiring reduction. A US scanner was used to visualize and aid fracture reductions. The outcome measures were the rate of successful reductions (ie, adequate alignment without the need for a second procedure or further surgical intervention), length of stay in hospital, and adverse events during each procedure and at follow-up after 6 weeks.
Of 47 children recruited, there were 44 (94%) successful reductions, whereas 3 (6%) required repeated reduction. The mean (SD) length of stay in hospital of the successful cases was 8.77 (3.66) hours. Two patients had tight plaster casts during early follow-up which were immediately addressed. Of the 44 successful cases, only 38 were retrieved for the final review. No further adverse events were observed in the latter.
This small-scale study has demonstrated the safe and efficacious use of US-guided close reduction of pediatric forearm fractures in a low-resource setting. Using US, real-time visualization of reduction efforts can reassure the clinician in decision making, thus reducing the rate of repeated reductions and allowing shorter hospital stay.
小儿前臂骨折是巴布亚新几内亚急诊科的常见病症。这些儿童通常接受“盲目”的闭合复位,复位效果通过标准X线片评估。本研究旨在证明在资源有限的环境中,超声(US)引导小儿前臂骨折闭合复位的安全性和有效性。
我们连续招募了需要复位的闭合性前臂骨折儿童。使用超声扫描仪可视化并辅助骨折复位。观察指标为成功复位率(即对位良好,无需二次手术或进一步手术干预)、住院时间以及每次手术期间和6周随访后的不良事件。
在招募的47名儿童中,44例(94%)成功复位,3例(6%)需要再次复位。成功病例的平均(标准差)住院时间为8.77(3.66)小时。两名患者在早期随访期间石膏绷带过紧,当即得到处理。在44例成功病例中,仅38例被纳入最终评估。后期未观察到其他不良事件。
这项小规模研究证明了在资源匮乏的环境中,超声引导小儿前臂骨折闭合复位的安全性和有效性。使用超声,复位过程的实时可视化可使临床医生在决策时更加安心,从而降低再次复位率并缩短住院时间。