Ha Sarah C, Zlomke Haley A, Cost Nicholas, Wilson Shandra
University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13001 E. 17th Place, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
J Oncol. 2015;2015:364807. doi: 10.1155/2015/364807. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
Management of small renal masses (SRMs) is currently evolving due to the increased incidence given the ubiquity of cross-sectional imaging. Diagnosing a mass in the early stages theoretically allows for high rates of cure but simultaneously risks overtreatment. New consensus guidelines and treatment modalities are changing frequently. The multitude of information currently available shall be summarized in this review. This summary will detail the historic surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma with current innovations, the feasibility and utility of biopsy, the efficacy of ablative techniques, active surveillance, and use of biomarkers. We evaluate how technology may be used in approaching the small renal mass in order to decrease morbidity, while keeping rates of overtreatment to a minimum.
鉴于横断面成像的广泛应用导致小肾肿块(SRM)的发病率增加,目前其管理方式正在不断演变。理论上,早期诊断出肿块可实现高治愈率,但同时存在过度治疗的风险。新的共识指南和治疗方式频繁变化。本综述将总结当前可得的大量信息。该总结将详细阐述肾细胞癌的历史手术治疗方法及当前创新、活检的可行性和实用性、消融技术的疗效、主动监测以及生物标志物的使用。我们评估如何利用技术来处理小肾肿块,以降低发病率,同时将过度治疗率降至最低。