Malagoli Carlotta, Malavolti Marcella, Costanzini Sofia, Fabbri Sara, Tezzi Sergio, Palazzi Giovanni, Arcolin Elisa, Vinceti Marco
Centro di ricerca in epidemiologia ambientale, genetica e nutrizionale - CREAGEN, Dip. Medicina diagnostica, clinica e sanità pubblica, Università of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Dip. Ingegneria "Enzo Ferrari", Università of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Epidemiol Prev. 2015 Jul-Aug;39(4 Suppl 1):102-7.
We carried out a population-based case-control study to assess the possibility of an excess risk of childhood leukemia in urban areas, independently from road traffic pollution.
Study subjects were the 111 cases of childhood leukemia diagnosed from 1998 to 2011 among residents of two provinces of the northern Italian Emilia-Romagna region, and 444 controls matched by age and sex. Through mapping of the region carried out by remote sensing, we examined the percentage of urban or rural area in the 100-meter circular buffer around each child's house. We also modeled annual average exposure to benzene and PM10 from vehicular traffic at each residence.
In a multivariate model adjusting for benzene and PM10, the odds ratio of leukemia associated with residence in a highly urbanized area and residential area (≥95% land use of this type near the child's home) was 1.4 (95% confidence intervals 0.8-2.4) and 1.3 (0.8-2.2), respectively. An increased risk was also found in association with the proximity to «dumps, scrap yards, and building sites». No association emerged with residence in rural areas or near industrial plants.
These results indicate that children living in urban areas experience an excess leukemia risk, independently from exposure to pollutants from vehicles.
我们开展了一项基于人群的病例对照研究，以评估城市地区儿童白血病额外风险的可能性，该风险独立于道路交通污染。
研究对象为1998年至2011年期间在意大利北部艾米利亚 - 罗马涅地区两个省份的居民中诊断出的111例儿童白血病病例，以及按年龄和性别匹配的444名对照。通过遥感对该地区进行绘图，我们检查了每个孩子家周围100米圆形缓冲区内城市或农村地区的百分比。我们还对每个住所的车辆交通中苯和PM10的年平均暴露量进行了建模。
在对苯和PM10进行调整的多变量模型中，与居住在高度城市化地区和住宅区（孩子家附近此类土地利用≥95%）相关的白血病优势比分别为1.4（95%置信区间0.8 - 2.4）和1.3（0.8 - 2.2）。在与“垃圾场、废品场和建筑工地”的接近程度方面也发现风险增加。未发现与农村地区或工厂附近居住存在关联。
这些结果表明，居住在城市地区的儿童白血病风险增加，与车辆污染物暴露无关。
