Gabrys Lars, Jordan Susanne, Schlaud Martin
Robert Koch Institute - Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, General Pape Str. 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Germany.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2015 Oct 26;12:136. doi: 10.1186/s12966-015-0299-9.
For patients, usually the first and most preferred contact person on health issues is still the doctor and most persons see their doctor at least once a year. Therefore, physical activity counselling strategies delivered by a physician seem to be a promising approach for physical activity improvement. The aim of this work is to show prevalence and time trends in physical activity counselling by primary health care physicians from 1997-1999 to 2008-2011 in Germany.
Data from two representative cross-sectional health interview and examination surveys of the Robert Koch Institute were used. Prevalence proportions of physicians' physical activity counselling and patients' utilisation of health promotion programmes in relation to physical activity counselling were analysed. Strengths of associations were calculated by using binary logistic regression models. Overall, 11,907 persons aged 18-64 years were included in the analyses.
Physical activity counselling prevalence decreased from 11.1 to 9.4% in men and from 9.3 to 7.7% in women over ten years. Only persons with accumulated health risks (OR 5.33; 95% CI 1.89-15.00) and persons with diagnosed diabetes mellitus (OR 3.42; 95% CI 1.68-6.69) showed significantly higher counselling proportions in 2008-2011 compared to 1997-1999. Men were more often counselled on physical activity than women, but women showed significantly higher participation rates in physical activity promotion programmes in both surveys. In both sexes significantly higher participation rates could be observed in persons who had received some activity counselling by a physician.
Although, evidence underlines the positive health effects of regular physical activity; overall, physicians counselling behaviour on physical activity decreased over time. However, it is positive to note that a trend towards a disease-specific counselling behaviour in terms of a tailored intervention could be observed.
对于患者而言，通常在健康问题上首先且最倾向联系的人仍是医生，并且大多数人每年至少看一次医生。因此，由医生提供的身体活动咨询策略似乎是改善身体活动的一种有前景的方法。这项工作的目的是展示1997 - 1999年至2008 - 2011年德国初级医疗保健医生进行身体活动咨询的患病率及时间趋势。
使用了来自罗伯特·科赫研究所两项具有代表性的横断面健康访谈和检查调查的数据。分析了医生进行身体活动咨询的患病率以及患者对与身体活动咨询相关的健康促进项目的利用率。通过二元逻辑回归模型计算关联强度。总体而言，11907名18 - 64岁的人被纳入分析。
在十年间，男性的身体活动咨询患病率从11.1%降至9.4%，女性从9.3%降至7.7%。与1997 - 1999年相比，只有累积健康风险者（比值比5.33；95%置信区间1.89 - 15.00）和已诊断糖尿病患者（比值比3.42；95%置信区间1.68 - 6.69）在2008 - 2011年的咨询比例显著更高。男性接受身体活动咨询的频率高于女性，但在两项调查中女性在身体活动促进项目中的参与率显著更高。在接受过医生某种活动咨询的人群中，两性的参与率均显著更高。
尽管有证据强调规律身体活动对健康的积极影响；总体而言，医生关于身体活动的咨询行为随时间减少。然而，值得注意的是，可以观察到在量身定制干预方面朝着针对特定疾病的咨询行为的趋势。
