Joag S, Zychlinsky A, Young J D
Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021.
J Cell Biochem. 1989 Mar;39(3):239-52. doi: 10.1002/jcb.240390304.
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells use multiple mechanisms to destroy their target cells. Pore formation resulting in osmotic lysis of the target is one mechanism; the pore-forming protein (perforin) responsible for this activity has been purified. Antigenically and functionally it resembles proteins of the membrane attack complex of complement. The other known mediators of cytotoxicity appear to be closely interrelated. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), lymphotoxin (LT), and leukalexin are the three members of this group that have been purified, although their mechanisms of action are still unknown. CTLs fragment the DNA of target cells, as do TNF, LT, and leukalexin; this may be one of the mechanisms of action of these mediators. CTLs and NK cells do not self lyse. The basis of this phenomenon is unclear, although recent advances have shed some light on the problem.
细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTLs）和自然杀伤（NK）细胞利用多种机制破坏靶细胞。导致靶细胞渗透性裂解的孔形成是一种机制；负责此活性的孔形成蛋白（穿孔素）已被纯化。在抗原性和功能上，它类似于补体膜攻击复合物的蛋白质。其他已知的细胞毒性介质似乎密切相关。肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）、淋巴毒素（LT）和白细胞毒素是该组中已被纯化的三个成员，尽管它们的作用机制仍不清楚。CTLs会使靶细胞的DNA片段化，TNF、LT和白细胞毒素也会如此；这可能是这些介质的作用机制之一。CTLs和NK细胞不会自我裂解。尽管最近的进展为这个问题提供了一些线索，但这种现象的基础尚不清楚。
