Bosma Madeleen
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, P.O. Box 285, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Exp Cell Res. 2016 Jan 15;340(2):180-6. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.10.023. Epub 2015 Nov 6.
The skeletal muscle is subjected to high mechanical and energetic demands. Lipid droplets are an important source of energy substrates for the working muscle. Muscle cells contain a variety of lipid droplets, which are fundamentally smaller than those found in adipocytes. This translates into a greater lipid droplet surface area serving as the interface for intracellular lipid metabolism. The skeletal muscle has a high plasticity, it is subjected to major remodeling following training and detraining. This coincides with adaptations in lipid droplet characteristics and dynamics. The majority of lipid droplets in skeletal muscle are located in the subsarcolemmal region or in-between the myofibrils, in close vicinity to mitochondria. The vastly organized nature of skeletal muscle fibers limits organelle mobility. The high metabolic rate and substrate turnover in skeletal muscle demands a strict coordination of intramyocellular lipid metabolism and LD dynamics, in which lipid droplet coat proteins play an important role. This review provides insights into the characteristics, diversity and dynamics of skeletal muscle lipid droplets.
骨骼肌承受着很高的机械和能量需求。脂滴是工作肌肉能量底物的重要来源。肌肉细胞含有多种脂滴，其大小从根本上来说比脂肪细胞中的脂滴小。这意味着有更大的脂滴表面积可作为细胞内脂质代谢的界面。骨骼肌具有高度可塑性，在训练和停训后会经历重大重塑。这与脂滴特征和动态变化的适应性相吻合。骨骼肌中的大多数脂滴位于肌膜下区域或肌原纤维之间，靠近线粒体。骨骼肌纤维高度有序的性质限制了细胞器的移动性。骨骼肌中的高代谢率和底物周转需要细胞内脂质代谢与脂滴动态的严格协调，其中脂滴包被蛋白起着重要作用。本综述深入探讨了骨骼肌脂滴的特征、多样性和动态变化。
