Covain Raphaël, Fisch-Muller Sonia, Oliveira Claudio, Mol Jan H, Montoya-Burgos Juan I, Dray Stéphane
Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Département d'herpétologie et d'ichtyologie, route de Malagnou 1, case postale 6434, CH-1211 Genève 6, Switzerland.
Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Biociências, Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes, Rubião Junior 18618-970, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2016 Jan;94(Pt B):492-517. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.018. Epub 2015 Oct 26.
The Loricariinae belong to the Neotropical mailed catfish family Loricariidae, the most species-rich catfish family. Among loricariids, members of the Loricariinae are united by a long and flattened caudal peduncle and the absence of an adipose fin. Despite numerous studies of the Loricariidae, there is no comprehensive phylogeny of this morphologically highly diversified subfamily. To fill this gap, we present a molecular phylogeny of this group, including 350 representatives, based on the analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear genes (8426 positions). The resulting phylogeny indicates that Loricariinae are distributed into two sister tribes: Harttiini and Loricariini. The Harttiini tribe, as classically defined, constitutes a paraphyletic assemblage and is here restricted to the three genera Harttia, Cteniloricaria, and Harttiella. Two subtribes are distinguished within Loricariini: Farlowellina and Loricariina. Within Farlowellina, the nominal genus formed a paraphyletic group, as did Sturisoma and Sturisomatichthys. Within Loricariina, Loricaria, Crossoloricaria, and Apistoloricaria are also paraphyletic. To solve these issues, and given the lack of clear morphological diagnostic features, we propose here to synonymize several genera (Quiritixys with Harttia; East Andean members of Crossoloricaria, and Apistoloricaria with Rhadinoloricaria; Ixinandria, Hemiloricaria, Fonchiiichthys, and Leliella with Rineloricaria), to restrict others (Crossoloricaria, and Sturisomatichthys to the West Andean members, and Sturisoma to the East Andean species), and to revalidate the genus Proloricaria.
甲鲶亚科隶属于新热带区有甲鲶科，这是鲶鱼科中物种最为丰富的一科。在有甲鲶科中，甲鲶亚科成员的共同特征是尾柄长且扁平，无脂鳍。尽管对有甲鲶科进行了大量研究，但这个形态高度多样化的亚科却没有全面的系统发育研究。为填补这一空白，我们基于线粒体和核基因（8426个位点）分析，给出了该类群包含350个代表物种的分子系统发育研究结果。所得系统发育结果表明，甲鲶亚科分为两个姐妹族：哈氏甲鲶族（Harttiini）和甲鲶族（Loricariini）。经典定义的哈氏甲鲶族构成了一个并系类群，在此仅限于哈氏甲鲶属（Harttia）、栉甲鲶属（Cteniloricaria）和小哈氏甲鲶属（Harttiella）这三个属。甲鲶族又分为两个亚族：法氏甲鲶亚族（Farlowellina）和甲鲶亚族（Loricariina）。在法氏甲鲶亚族中，模式属形成了一个并系类群，斯氏甲鲶属（Sturisoma）和斯氏真甲鲶属（Sturisomatichthys）也是如此。在甲鲶亚族中，甲鲶属（Loricaria）、异甲鲶属（Crossoloricaria）和伪甲鲶属（Apistoloricaria）同样是并系类群。为解决这些问题，鉴于缺乏明确的形态诊断特征，我们在此提议将几个属进行同义处理（Quiritixys与Harttia同义；Crossoloricaria和Apistoloricaria的东安第斯山脉成员与Rhadinoloricaria同义；Ixinandria、半甲鲶属（Hemiloricaria）、丰氏甲鲶属（Fonchiiichthys）和莱氏甲鲶属（Leliella）与溪甲鲶属（Rineloricaria）同义），对其他一些属进行限定（Crossoloricaria和Sturisomatichthys限定为西安第斯山脉成员，Sturisoma限定为东安第斯山脉物种），并重新确认Proloricaria属的有效性。
