Huang Chien-Hsun, Sun Renran, Hu Yi, Zeng Liping, Zhang Ning, Cai Liming, Zhang Qiang, Koch Marcus A, Al-Shehbaz Ihsan, Edger Patrick P, Pires J Chris, Tan Dun-Yan, Zhong Yang, Ma Hong
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Institute of Biodiversity Sciences, Center for Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University.
Mol Biol Evol. 2016 Feb;33(2):394-412. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msv226. Epub 2015 Oct 29.
Brassicaceae is one of the most diverse and economically valuable angiosperm families with widely cultivated vegetable crops and scientifically important model plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana. The evolutionary history, ecological, morphological, and genetic diversity, and abundant resources and knowledge of Brassicaceae make it an excellent model family for evolutionary studies. Recent phylogenetic analyses of the family revealed three major lineages (I, II, and III), but relationships among and within these lineages remain largely unclear. Here, we present a highly supported phylogeny with six major clades using nuclear markers from newly sequenced transcriptomes of 32 Brassicaceae species and large data sets from additional taxa for a total of 55 species spanning 29 out of 51 tribes. Clade A consisting of Lineage I and Macropodium nivale is sister to combined Clade B (with Lineage II and others) and a new Clade C. The ABC clade is sister to Clade D with species previously weakly associated with Lineage II and Clade E (Lineage III) is sister to the ABCD clade. Clade F (the tribe Aethionemeae) is sister to the remainder of the entire family. Molecular clock estimation reveals an early radiation of major clades near or shortly after the Eocene-Oligocene boundary and subsequent nested divergences of several tribes of the previously polytomous Expanded Lineage II. Reconstruction of ancestral morphological states during the Brassicaceae evolution indicates prevalent parallel (convergent) evolution of several traits over deep times across the entire family. These results form a foundation for future evolutionary analyses of structures and functions across Brassicaceae.
十字花科是最多样化且具有重要经济价值的被子植物科之一，包含广泛种植的蔬菜作物以及具有重要科学意义的模式植物，如拟南芥。十字花科的进化历史、生态、形态和遗传多样性，以及丰富的资源和知识，使其成为进化研究的优秀模式科。近期对该科的系统发育分析揭示了三个主要分支（I、II和III），但这些分支之间以及分支内部的关系在很大程度上仍不明确。在此，我们利用32种十字花科物种新测序转录组中的核标记以及来自其他分类群的大数据集，构建了一个得到高度支持的系统发育树，其中包含六个主要分支，共涉及55个物种，涵盖了51个族中的29个族。由分支I和雪山鼠耳芥组成的分支A是由分支B（包括分支II和其他类群）和一个新的分支C合并而成的类群的姐妹分支。ABC类群是与分支II先前关联较弱的物种组成的分支D的姐妹分支，而分支E（分支III）是ABCD类群的姐妹分支。分支F（岩生庭芥族）是整个科其余部分的姐妹分支。分子钟估计显示，主要分支在始新世 - 渐新世边界附近或之后不久发生了早期辐射，随后先前多歧的扩展分支II的几个族发生了嵌套式分化。十字花科进化过程中祖先形态状态的重建表明，在整个科的漫长时间里，几个性状普遍存在平行（趋同）进化。这些结果为未来对十字花科结构和功能的进化分析奠定了基础。
