Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici ICTA-ICP, Carrer de les Columnes sense número, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA. Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici ICTA-ICP, Carrer de les Columnes sense número, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
Science. 2015 Oct 30;350(6260):aab2625. doi: 10.1126/science.aab2625. Epub 2015 Oct 29.
Miocene small-bodied anthropoid primates from Africa and Eurasia are generally considered to precede the divergence between the two groups of extant catarrhines—hominoids (apes and humans) and Old World monkeys—and are thus viewed as more primitive than the stem ape Proconsul. Here we describe Pliobates cataloniae gen. et sp. nov., a small-bodied (4 to 5 kilograms) primate from the Iberian Miocene (11.6 million years ago) that displays a mosaic of primitive characteristics coupled with multiple cranial and postcranial shared derived features of extant hominoids. Our cladistic analyses show that Pliobates is a stem hominoid that is more derived than previously described small catarrhines and Proconsul. This forces us to reevaluate the role played by small-bodied catarrhines in ape evolution and provides key insight into the last common ancestor of hylobatids (gibbons) and hominids (great apes and humans).
来自非洲和欧亚大陆的中新世小型灵长类动物通常被认为先于现生的两类大鼻猴（类人猿和人类）与旧世界猴的分化，因此被认为比原始祖猿更为原始。本文描述了一种来自伊比利亚中新世（1160 万年前）的小型（4 至 5 公斤）灵长类动物——普氏翼手猴，它具有原始特征的镶嵌模式，同时具有现生类人猿的多个颅后骨骼共有衍生特征。我们的分支分析表明，普氏翼手猴是一种更为衍生的原始人科动物，比之前描述的小型大鼻猴和原始祖猿更为衍生。这迫使我们重新评估小型大鼻猴在猿类进化中的作用，并为关于长臂猿（猩猩）和人科（大型猿类和人类）的最后共同祖先提供了关键见解。
