Zhang H, Zheng J, Liu W, Ding J, Zhang L, Zhang H, Zou Y, Fu Y
The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Red Cross Society of China Nanjing Branch, Nanjing, China.
Transplant Proc. 2015 Oct;47(8):2419-24. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.09.011.
China officially initiated deceased organ donation in 2010. Much progress has been made since then. However, compared with the developed countries in Europe and America, there is still a large gap. In this study, we investigate the willingness and attitude of the general public in East China and the factors that affect organ donation, and propose specific recommendations for promoting it.
A simple and random sample was questioned. The data were analyzed statistically using SPSS 19.0 software, χ(2) test, and logistic regression.
A total of 1200 questionnaires were issued; of these, 1105 were recovered, with 1074 effective questionnaires, for an effective rate of 89.5%. Among these, 426 respondents (39.7%) were willing to donate, 529 (49.3%) were in favor of donation but would not donate themselves; and 119 (11.1%) were against donation. Women (P < .01), persons with higher education (P < .01), those who understand organ donation (P < .01), and those who accept the concept of brain death (P < .01) had higher degrees of acceptance for organ donation. Reasons to hinder organ donation included imperfect laws and regulations, distrust on organ allocation, and insufficient promotion by relevant organizations.
Much needs to be done to promote organ donation in China; targeted publicity will help to improve the work efficiency of organ donation; improvement of relevant policies and regulations, and establishment of a fair and transparent organ allocation system are key to the development of organ donation.
中国于2010年正式启动了逝世后器官捐献工作。自那时以来已取得了很大进展。然而，与欧美发达国家相比，仍存在较大差距。在本研究中，我们调查了中国东部地区公众的意愿和态度以及影响器官捐献的因素，并提出了促进器官捐献的具体建议。
采用简单随机抽样进行问卷调查。使用SPSS 19.0软件对数据进行统计学分析、χ²检验和逻辑回归分析。
共发放问卷1200份；回收1105份，其中有效问卷1074份，有效率为89.5%。其中，426名受访者（39.7%）愿意捐献，529名（49.3%）赞成捐献但自己不会捐献；119名（11.1%）反对捐献。女性（P <.01）、受过高等教育者（P <.01）、了解器官捐献者（P <.01）以及接受脑死亡概念者（P <.01）对器官捐献的接受程度更高。阻碍器官捐献的原因包括法律法规不完善、对器官分配不信任以及相关组织宣传不足。
在中国促进器官捐献仍有许多工作要做；有针对性的宣传将有助于提高器官捐献工作效率；完善相关政策法规以及建立公平透明的器官分配体系是器官捐献发展的关键。
