Karimi Mohammad Taghi, Kavyani Mahsa, Kamali Mostafa
J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2016 Aug 10;29(3):403-15. doi: 10.3233/BMR-150641.
Scoliosis is one of the common spinal deformities and considered as lateral curvature of the spine. Scoliosis lead to changes in the synergy between body segments, spinal anatomy, left-right trunk symmetry and cause pathological gait pattern [1,4,5-7]. Scoliosis is a structural deformity, so it can alter center of mass (COM) position and weight distribution on lower limbs. This suggests that scoliotic patients show the poorer stability rather aged match normal group. It was controversial that scoliosis influences the balance and gait performances, and also the effects of brace on these parameters. Therefore, it was aimed to evaluate the available literatures on balance and gait of scoliotic subjects.
We conducted a search via PubMed, Google scholar and ISI web of knowledge to identify studies on scoliosis field and the effect of this deformity on kinetic and kinematic parameters as well as the influence of bracing on mentioned parameters. Some key words such as kinetic, kinematic, gait, stability, and walking were used in combination with scoliosis. The publication dates of the full-length articles were between 1998 and 2014. Down and Black tool was used to evaluate the quality of the articles.
Our multiple Medline searches led to the find out 54 papers that 26 of which were relevant based on title and abstract. Based on their references, we retrieved 6 more articles. We ultimately included 31 articles in this literature review. The number of studies regarding the influence of brace on kinetic and kinematic parameters in scoliotic subject was small. Based on the results of various studies, there is no correlation between gait pathology and scoliotic curve direction, no difference between stability of scoliotic and normal subjects and no difference between range of motions of lower limb joints in scoliotic subjects while walking with and without orthosis.
There was a not sufficient robust evidence to judge about the influence of scoliosis deformity on kinetic and kinematic parameters. However, it should be emphasized that use of orthosis may influence the symmetry of gait and improve standing stability in adult with idiopathic scoliosis.
脊柱侧弯是常见的脊柱畸形之一，被认为是脊柱的侧向弯曲。脊柱侧弯会导致身体各节段之间的协同作用、脊柱解剖结构、左右躯干对称性发生变化，并引发病理性步态模式[1,4,5 - 7]。脊柱侧弯是一种结构性畸形，因此它会改变质心（COM）位置和下肢的重量分布。这表明脊柱侧弯患者的稳定性比年龄匹配的正常组要差。脊柱侧弯是否会影响平衡和步态表现，以及支具对这些参数的影响一直存在争议。因此，本研究旨在评估有关脊柱侧弯患者平衡和步态的现有文献。
我们通过PubMed、谷歌学术和ISI知识网络进行检索，以确定脊柱侧弯领域的研究，以及这种畸形对动力学和运动学参数的影响，以及支具对上述参数的影响。使用了一些关键词，如动力学、运动学、步态、稳定性和行走，并与脊柱侧弯相结合。全文发表日期在1998年至2014年之间。采用Down和Black工具评估文章质量。
我们在多个Medline数据库中进行检索，共找到54篇论文，其中26篇根据标题和摘要具有相关性。根据它们的参考文献，我们又检索到6篇文章。我们最终在本综述中纳入了31篇文章。关于支具对脊柱侧弯患者动力学和运动学参数影响的研究数量较少。根据各项研究结果，步态病理学与脊柱侧弯曲线方向之间没有相关性，脊柱侧弯患者与正常受试者的稳定性没有差异，脊柱侧弯患者在佩戴和不佩戴矫形器行走时下肢关节的活动范围也没有差异。
目前尚无足够有力的证据来判断脊柱侧弯畸形对动力学和运动学参数的影响。然而，应该强调的是，使用矫形器可能会影响特发性脊柱侧弯成人患者的步态对称性并提高站立稳定性。
