韵律在婴儿早期句法分析和语法分类中的作用。

The role of prosody in infants' early syntactic analysis and grammatical categorization.

作者信息

Massicotte-Laforge Sarah, Shi Rushen

机构信息

Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3P8,

出版信息

J Acoust Soc Am. 2015 Oct;138(4):EL441-6. doi: 10.1121/1.4934551.

DOI:10.1121/1.4934551

PMID:26520358

Abstract

This study tested the hypothesis that phrasal prosody assists early syntactic acquisition. Stimulus-sentences consisting of French determiners and pseudo-lexical-words were ambiguous between two syntactic structures, e.g., [[TonDet felliAdj craleN]NP [vurV laDet gosineN]VP] versus [[TonDet felliN]NP [craleV vurPrep laDet gosineN]VP], which had distinct prosodic cues. French-learning 20-month-olds were familiarized with the sentences either in the prosody of one structure, or the other structure. All infants were tested with Det + N (e.g., LeDet craleN) versus Pron + V (e.g., TuPron cralesV) trials containing non-familiarized functors. Infants perceived the test-stimuli according to the familiarized structure. They used prosody to categorize words and interpret adjacent and non-adjacent syntactic dependencies.

摘要

本研究检验了以下假设

短语韵律有助于早期句法习得。由法语限定词和伪词汇词组成的刺激句在两种句法结构之间存在歧义，例如，[[你的限定词毛茸茸的形容词嘎吱作响的名词]名词短语 [看见动词那个限定词杂货店名词]动词短语] 与 [[你的限定词毛茸茸的名词]名词短语 [嘎吱作响动词看见介词那个限定词杂货店名词]动词短语]，这两种结构有不同的韵律线索。学习法语的20个月大婴儿会熟悉其中一种结构韵律的句子，或者另一种结构韵律的句子。所有婴儿都要接受包含不熟悉功能词的限定词 + 名词（例如，那个限定词嘎吱作响的名词）与代词 + 动词（例如，你代词嘎吱作响动词）的测试。婴儿根据熟悉的结构来感知测试刺激。他们利用韵律对单词进行分类，并解释相邻和非相邻的句法依存关系。