Signorelli Carlo
Dipartimento di scienze biomediche, biotecnologiche e traslazionali, Università di Parma.
Presidente Società italiana di igiene, medicina preventiva e sanità pubblica (SItI).
Epidemiol Prev. 2015;39(3):198-201.
The EU and Italian institutions have recently reiterated their commitment to harmonize and implement vaccination policies as a fundamental strategy for public health. Nonetheless, vaccines are losing public confidence. False myths related to vaccine adverse reactions and commercial interests, combined with the recent judgements of the Court and the "Fluad® episode", are fuelling vaccine hesitancy. In such a context, a lively debate is ongoing in Italian scientific community. Aim of this contribution is to recall the available solid scientific evidence demonstrating that vaccines are among the most effective prevention tools ever invented and recall the economic data that support the cost-effectiveness of the immunisation. As every other medicine, vaccines are registered after large and solid clinical trials have been conducted. Immunization schedules are proposed by experts in the field of clinical medicine, epidemiology and public health on the basis of the available scientific evidence, and then implemented by policy makers also taking into consideration resources allocation and financial sustainability. The false myth that vaccines are offered because of economic interests is to be dispelled;moreover, researchers, policy makers, scientific societies and the healthcare community at large should renew commitment to invest in health education and communication on vaccines, always disclosing potential conflicts of interests.
欧盟和意大利机构最近重申，他们致力于协调和实施疫苗接种政策，将其作为公共卫生的一项基本战略。尽管如此，疫苗正失去公众信任。与疫苗不良反应和商业利益相关的错误传言，再加上近期法院的判决和“福路得事件”，正在加剧人们对疫苗的犹豫态度。在这种背景下，意大利科学界正在进行一场热烈的辩论。本文的目的是回顾现有的确凿科学证据，证明疫苗是有史以来最有效的预防工具之一，并回顾支持免疫接种成本效益的经济数据。与其他药物一样，疫苗是在进行了大规模且确凿的临床试验后才获批上市的。免疫接种计划由临床医学、流行病学和公共卫生领域的专家根据现有科学证据提出，然后由政策制定者实施，同时还要考虑资源分配和财政可持续性。疫苗因经济利益而被推广的错误传言必须被消除；此外，研究人员、政策制定者、科学协会和整个医疗界都应重新致力于投资疫苗健康教育和宣传，并始终披露潜在的利益冲突。
