Puentes Torres Rafael Carlos, Aguado Taberné Cristina, Pérula de Torres Luis Angel, Espejo Espejo José, Castro Fernández Cristina, Fransi Galiana Luís
Centro de Salud Frölunda, Närhälsan, Gotemburgo, Suecia.
Centro de Salud Santa Rosa (Córdoba); Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, España.
Aten Primaria. 2016 Jun-Jul;48(6):383-93. doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2015.07.005.
To assess the acceptability of opportunistic search for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Cross-sectional, observational study.
Primary Care Centres (PCC) of the Spanish National Health Care System.
patients aged 18 to 65 years who had never been tested for HIV, and were having a blood test for other reasons. RECORDED VARIABLES: age, gender, stable partner, educational level, tobacco/alcohol use, reason for blood testing, acceptability of taking the HIV test, reasons for refusing to take the HIV test, and reasons for not having taken an HIV test previously. A descriptive, bivariate, multivariate (logistic regression) statistical analysis was performed.
A total of 208 general practitioners (GPs) from 150 health care centres recruited 3,314 patients. Most (93.1%) of patients agreed to take the HIV test (95%CI: 92.2-93.9). Of these patients, 56.9% reported never having had an HIV test before because they considered not to be at risk of infection, whereas 34.8% reported never having been tested for HIV because their doctor had never offered it to them. Of the 6.9% who refused to take the HIV test, 73.9% considered that they were not at risk. According to the logistic regression analysis, acceptability was positively associated to age (higher among between 26 and 35 year olds, OR=1.79; 95%CI: 1.10-2.91) and non-smokers (OR=1.39; 95%CI: 1.01-1.93). Those living in towns with between 10,000 and 50,000 inhabitants showed less acceptance to the test (OR=0.57; 95%CI: 0.40-0.80). The HIV prevalence detected was 0.24%
Acceptability of HIV testing is very high among patients having a blood test in primary care settings in Spain. Opportunistic search is cost-effective.
评估机会性筛查人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的可接受性。
横断面观察性研究。
西班牙国家医疗保健系统的基层医疗中心（PCC）。
年龄在18至65岁之间、从未接受过HIV检测且因其他原因正在进行血液检测的患者。记录变量：年龄、性别、固定伴侣、教育水平、烟草/酒精使用情况、血液检测原因、接受HIV检测的可接受性、拒绝接受HIV检测的原因以及之前未进行HIV检测的原因。进行了描述性、双变量、多变量（逻辑回归）统计分析。
来自150个医疗保健中心的208名全科医生招募了3314名患者。大多数（93.1%）患者同意接受HIV检测（95%置信区间：92.2 - 93.9）。在这些患者中，56.9%报告此前从未进行过HIV检测是因为他们认为自己没有感染风险，而34.8%报告从未接受过HIV检测是因为他们的医生从未提供过检测。在拒绝接受HIV检测的6.9%患者中，73.9%认为自己没有风险。根据逻辑回归分析，可接受性与年龄呈正相关（26至35岁人群中更高，比值比[OR]=1.79；95%置信区间：1.10 - 2.91）以及与非吸烟者相关（OR=1.39；95%置信区间：1.01 - 1.93）。居住在有10000至50000居民城镇的人群对检测的接受度较低（OR=0.57；95%置信区间：0.40 - 0.80）。检测出的HIV患病率为0.24%。
在西班牙基层医疗环境中进行血液检测的患者中，HIV检测的可接受性非常高。机会性筛查具有成本效益。
