Aspden R M
Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Manchester, England.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1989 Mar;14(3):266-74. doi: 10.1097/00007632-198903000-00005.
A new model is presented for the static behavior of the human spine that considers it to work as an arch rather than the traditional view of a cantilever. This theory is based on limit criteria, derived from plasticity theory, which determine bounds within which the structure is mechanically stable and thereby enables the prediction of failure when these criteria are not satisfied. It is shown that theorems developed for the plastic analysis of masonry arches can be simply adapted for the spine. An analysis is performed of three postures and associated loads described in the literature. The forces and intradiscal pressures are calculated and shown to be in good agreement with published measurements. The results show that compressive stresses in the spine are not as high as was previously calculated and that the curvature of the spine is necessary for its load-bearing function. Preservation of the lumbar lordosis, in conjunction with intra-abdominal pressure, strengthens the spine and is crucial to protect the spine from injury when lifting heavy loads.
提出了一种关于人体脊柱静态行为的新模型，该模型认为脊柱的工作方式类似于拱形结构，而非传统观念中的悬臂结构。该理论基于从塑性理论推导得出的极限准则，这些准则确定了结构在机械上稳定的范围，从而能够在不满足这些准则时预测失效情况。结果表明，为砖石拱塑性分析所推导的定理可简单地应用于脊柱。对文献中描述的三种姿势及相关负荷进行了分析。计算了力和椎间盘内压力，并表明与已发表的测量结果吻合良好。结果显示，脊柱中的压应力并不像先前计算的那么高，并且脊柱的弯曲度对于其承重功能是必要的。保持腰椎前凸，结合腹内压，可强化脊柱，对于在搬运重物时保护脊柱免受损伤至关重要。
