Du Feng, Jiao Jun
Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2016 Apr;42(4):480-93. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000165. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
The present study used a spatial blink task and a cuing task to examine the boundary between feature-based capture and relation-based capture. Feature-based capture occurs when distractors match the target feature such as target color. The occurrence of relation-based capture is contingent upon the feature relation between target and distractor (e.g., color relation). The results show that color distractors that match the target-nontarget color relation do not consistently capture attention when they appear outside of the attentional window, but distractors appearing outside the attentional window that match the target color consistently capture attention. In contrast, color distractors that best match the target-nontarget color relation but not the target color, are more likely to capture attention when they appear within the attentional window. Consistently, color cues that match the target-nontarget color relation produce a cuing effect when they appear within the attentional window, while target-color matched cues do not. Such a double dissociation between color-based capture and color-relation-based capture indicates functionally distinct mechanisms for these 2 types of attentional selection. This also indicates that the spatial blink task and the uninformative cuing task are measuring distinctive aspects of involuntary attention. (PsycINFO Database Record
本研究使用了空间眨眼任务和线索提示任务来检验基于特征的捕获和基于关系的捕获之间的界限。当干扰项与目标特征（如目标颜色）匹配时，就会发生基于特征的捕获。基于关系的捕获的发生取决于目标与干扰项之间的特征关系（例如，颜色关系）。结果表明，与目标 - 非目标颜色关系匹配的颜色干扰项在注意力窗口之外出现时，并不会始终如一地捕获注意力，但在注意力窗口之外出现且与目标颜色匹配的干扰项会始终如一地捕获注意力。相比之下，与目标 - 非目标颜色关系最匹配但不与目标颜色匹配的颜色干扰项，当它们出现在注意力窗口内时，更有可能捕获注意力。同样，与目标 - 非目标颜色关系匹配的颜色线索在注意力窗口内出现时会产生线索提示效应，而与目标颜色匹配的线索则不会。基于颜色的捕获和基于颜色关系的捕获之间的这种双重分离表明这两种类型的注意力选择具有功能上不同的机制。这也表明空间眨眼任务和无信息线索提示任务正在测量非自愿注意的不同方面。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
