Progiante Patrícia Saram, Pattussi Marcos Pascoal, Lawrence Herenia P, Goya Suzana, Grossi Patrícia Krieger, Grossi Márcio Lima
Int J Prosthodont. 2015 Nov-Dec;28(6):600-9. doi: 10.11607/ijp.4026.
The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and comorbid factors (sleep bruxism and headaches). This study was a cross-sectional population survey in the city of Maringá, state of Paraná, Brazil.
Axes I and II of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) were used for assessment of TMD signs and symptoms. The population was users of the Brazilian public health system (SUS), of both sexes, between the ages of 20 and 65 years, and not seeking treatment for TMD.
The selected population (N = 1,643) was composed mostly of (a) women (65.9%), (b) married or single individuals (90.6%), (c) Caucasians (70.1%), (d) individuals aged 32.7 ± 10.3 years, (e) individuals earning a medium income (75.1%), and (f) those who had completed a high school education or higher (79.9%). According to the chronic pain grade classification (CPG) in the RDC/TMD Axis II, 36.2% of the population had some degree of TMD pain (CPG I to IV); however, only 5.1% had severe limitation due to pain (CPG III or IV). In the RDC/TMD Axis I diagnoses, 29.5% presented with muscle disorders (group I), 7.9% with disk displacements (group II), and 39.1% with other joint disorders (group III). Headaches were present in 67.9% and awake and sleep bruxism in 30% and 33.4% of the population, respectively.
The prevalence of signs and symptoms of TMD was high in this population, but with low disability; however, the proportion of patients in need of treatment was much lower.
本研究的主要目的是评估颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMDs）及其合并因素（睡眠磨牙症和头痛）的患病率。本研究是在巴西巴拉那州马林加市进行的一项横断面人群调查。
采用颞下颌关节紊乱病研究诊断标准（RDC/TMD）的轴I和轴II来评估TMD的体征和症状。研究对象为巴西公共卫生系统（SUS）的使用者，年龄在20至65岁之间，男女不限，且未寻求TMD治疗。
所选人群（N = 1,643）主要由以下人群组成：（a）女性（65.9%），（b）已婚或单身人士（90.6%），（c）白种人（70.1%），（d）年龄为32.7±10.3岁的个体，（e）中等收入者（75.1%），以及（f）完成高中或更高学历者（79.9%）。根据RDC/TMD轴II中的慢性疼痛分级分类（CPG），36.2%的人群有一定程度的TMD疼痛（CPG I至IV）；然而，只有5.1%的人因疼痛有严重功能受限（CPG III或IV）。在RDC/TMD轴I诊断中，29.5%表现为肌肉紊乱（I组），7.9%为盘移位（II组），39.1%为其他关节紊乱（III组）。分别有67.9%的人群有头痛，以及有30%的人群有清醒时磨牙症、33.4%的人群有睡眠磨牙症。
该人群中TMD体征和症状的患病率较高，但功能障碍程度较低；然而，需要治疗的患者比例要低得多。
