Neff Roni A, Merrigan Kathleen, Wallinga David
Roni A. Neff (
Kathleen Merrigan is a professor in public policy at the George Washington University, in Washington, D.C. She was previously the deputy secretary of agriculture in the Department of Agriculture.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2015 Nov;34(11):1908-15. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0926.
Food has become a prominent focus of US public health policy. The emphasis has been almost exclusively on what Americans eat, not what is grown or how it is grown. A field of research, policy, and practice activities addresses the food-health-agriculture nexus, yet the work is still often considered "alternative" to the mainstream. This article outlines the diverse ways in which agriculture affects public health. It then describes three policy issues: farm-to-school programming, sustainability recommendations in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, and antibiotic use in animal agriculture. These issues illustrate the progress, challenges, and public health benefits of taking a food systems approach that brings together the food, agriculture, and public health fields.
食品已成为美国公共卫生政策的一个突出重点。重点几乎完全放在美国人吃什么上,而不是种植了什么或如何种植。一个研究、政策和实践活动领域致力于解决食品、健康与农业之间的联系,但这项工作仍常常被视为主流的“另类”。本文概述了农业影响公众健康的多种方式。然后描述了三个政策问题:从农场到学校的项目、《美国膳食指南》中的可持续性建议以及畜牧业中的抗生素使用。这些问题说明了采用将食品、农业和公共卫生领域结合起来的食品系统方法所取得的进展、面临的挑战以及对公众健康的益处。