Frantz Laurent, Meijaard Erik, Gongora Jaime, Haile James, Groenen Martien A M, Larson Greger
Palaeogenomics & Bio-Archaeology Research Network, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, United Kingdom; email:
IUCN/SSC Wild Pig Specialist Group, Jakarta 15412, Indonesia.
Annu Rev Anim Biosci. 2016;4:61-85. doi: 10.1146/annurev-animal-021815-111155. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
The Suidae are a family of Cetartiodactyla composed of 17 species classified in a minimum of five extant genera that originated at least 20 million years ago. Their success is evident in the multitude of habitats in which they are found as both natural and feral populations in tropical Island Southeast Asia, the high plateau of the Himalayas, Siberia, North Africa, the Pacific Islands, Australia, and the Americas. Morphological and molecular analyses of these species have revealed numerous aspects of their biology, including the ease with which many lineages have and continue to hybridize. This trait has made them an ideal model for evolutionary biologists. Suid species have also shared a deep history with humans, from their association with early hominids in Africa to their domestication. Here we review the current knowledge of this fascinating group and provide a comprehensive evolutionary history from the Oligocene to the present day.
猪科是偶蹄目鲸偶蹄类的一个科，由17个物种组成，分属于至少5个现存属，其起源至少可追溯到2000万年前。它们的成功体现在分布于众多栖息地，在热带东南亚岛屿、喜马拉雅高原、西伯利亚、北非、太平洋诸岛、澳大利亚和美洲都有自然种群和野生种群。对这些物种的形态学和分子分析揭示了它们生物学的诸多方面，包括许多谱系已经并仍在杂交的容易程度。这一特性使它们成为进化生物学家的理想模型。猪科物种与人类也有着悠久的历史，从它们在非洲与早期原始人类的关联到被驯化。在此，我们综述了关于这个迷人类群的现有知识，并提供了从渐新世至今的全面进化史。
