Ouaryi A, Boularbah A, Sanguin H, Hafidi M, Baudoin E, Ouahmane L, Le Roux C, Galiana A, Prin Y, Duponnois R
a Laboratoire Ecologie & Environnement (Unité associée au CNRST, URAC), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad , Marrakech , Maroc.
b Laboratoire d'Aliment, Environnement et Santé, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques-Marrakech, Université CadiAyyad , Marrakech , Maroc.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2016;18(1):41-7. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1058335.
Waste dumps generated by mining activities contain heavy metals that are dispersed into areas leading to significant environmental contamination. The objectives of this study were (i) to survey native plants and their associated AM fungal communities from waste soils in a Moroccan mine site and (ii) to follow Eucalyptus growth in soil collected from the waste-mine. AM spores from native plant species were collected from the mining site and the surrounding uncontaminated areas were multiplied and inoculated onto Eucalyptus camaldulensis. The results showed that (i) the native plant species recorded in the waste did not show an active metal uptake, (ii) the selected native plant species are associated with AM mycorrhizal fungi and (iii) the use of AM fungi adapted to these drastic conditions can improve the growth of the fast-growing tree, E. camaldulensis and its tolerance to high soil Cu content. In conclusion, it is suggested that in order to define efficient low-cost phytostabilization processes, the use of native resources (i.e., mixtures of native mycorrhizal fungi) in combination with fast-growing tree species such as Eucalyptus, could be used to optimize the establishment of a permanent cover plant in contaminated areas.
采矿活动产生的废渣堆含有重金属，这些重金属会扩散到周边区域，造成严重的环境污染。本研究的目的是：（i）调查摩洛哥某矿场废弃土壤中的本土植物及其相关的丛枝菌根真菌群落；（ii）观察尾叶桉在从废弃矿场采集的土壤中的生长情况。从矿区及周边未受污染区域采集本土植物物种的丛枝菌根孢子，进行扩繁后接种到尾叶桉上。结果表明：（i）在废渣中记录到的本土植物物种未表现出活跃的金属吸收现象；（ii）所选本土植物物种与丛枝菌根真菌相关；（iii）使用适应这些极端条件的丛枝菌根真菌能够促进速生树种尾叶桉的生长，并提高其对高土壤铜含量的耐受性。总之，为了确定高效低成本的植物稳定化过程，建议利用本土资源（即本土菌根真菌混合物）并结合尾叶桉等速生树种，来优化在污染区域建立永久性覆盖植物的过程。
