Martins Eva, Santos Ricardo Serrão, Bettencourt Raul
IMAR Institute of Marine Research Center, Portugal; MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Rua Prof. Dr. Frederico Machado, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal.
IMAR Institute of Marine Research Center, Portugal; MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Rua Prof. Dr. Frederico Machado, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, Portugal.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2015 Dec;47(2):962-77. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.10.038. Epub 2015 Oct 31.
Menez Gwen (MG) and Lucky Strike (LS) deep-sea hydrothermal vents are located at 850 m and 1730 m depths respectively and support chemosynthesis-based ecosystems partially differing in heavy metal concentration, temperature range, and faunistic composition. The successfully adapted deep-sea vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus is found at both vent locations. In such inhospitable environments survival strategies rely on the establishment of bacteria-vent animal symbiosis In spite of the toxic nature of deep-sea vents, the problem of microbial threat and the need for immunity exist in B. azoricus. This study aims at investigating the immune system of B. azoricus from MG and LS populations by comparing immune gene expressions profiles using the deep-sea vent-related Vibrio diabolicus. Expression of nineteen immune genes was analyzed from gill, digestive gland and mantle tissues upon 3 h, 12 h and 24 h V. diabolicus challenges. Based on quantitative-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) significant gene expression differences were found among MG and LS populations and challenge times MG mussels revealed that gill and digestive gland gene expression levels were remarkably higher than those from LS mussels. Expression of Carcinolectin, Serpin-2, SRCR, IRGs, RTK, TLR2, NF-κB, HSP70 and Ferritin genes was greater in MG than LS mussels. In contrast, mantle tissue from LS mussels revealed the highest peak of expression at 24 h for most genes analyzed. The activation of immune signaling pathways demonstrated that gene expression profiles are distinct between the two mussel populations. These differences may possibly ensue from intrinsic immune transcriptional activities upon which host responses are modulated in presence of V. diabolicus. mRNA transcript variations were assessed during 24 h acclimatization taking into account the partial depuration to which mussels were subjected to. Additionally, gene expression differences may reflect still accountable effects from the presence of vent remaining microfluidic environments within the tissues analyzed.
梅内兹·格温（MG）和幸运打击（LS）深海热液喷口分别位于850米和1730米深处，支持基于化学合成的生态系统，这些生态系统在重金属浓度、温度范围和动物区系组成方面存在部分差异。成功适应深海喷口的贻贝——亚速尔深海贻贝在这两个喷口位置均有发现。在如此恶劣的环境中，生存策略依赖于细菌与喷口动物共生关系的建立。尽管深海喷口具有毒性，但亚速尔深海贻贝仍存在微生物威胁问题以及免疫需求。本研究旨在通过使用与深海喷口相关的恶魔弧菌比较免疫基因表达谱，来研究来自MG和LS种群的亚速尔深海贻贝的免疫系统。在恶魔弧菌攻击3小时、12小时和24小时后，分析了鳃、消化腺和外套膜组织中19个免疫基因的表达。基于定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR），发现MG和LS种群以及攻击时间之间存在显著的基因表达差异。MG贻贝显示鳃和消化腺基因表达水平明显高于LS贻贝。MG贻贝中癌凝集素、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂-2、SRCR、IRGs、RTK、TLR2、NF-κB、HSP70和铁蛋白基因的表达高于LS贻贝。相比之下，LS贻贝的外套膜组织在24小时时，大多数分析基因的表达达到最高峰。免疫信号通路的激活表明，这两个贻贝种群的基因表达谱不同。这些差异可能是由于在恶魔弧菌存在的情况下，宿主反应受到调节的内在免疫转录活动所致。在24小时的适应过程中，考虑到贻贝所经历的部分净化，评估了mRNA转录本的变化。此外，基因表达差异可能仍反映了所分析组织中喷口残留微流体环境存在的可归因影响。
