Besenski N, Bosnjak V, Della-Marina B M, Polak J, Crkvenac Z
Acta Med Iugosl. 1989;43(1):27-45.
Eighty-one neonates were evaluated clinically by ultrasound and/or CT with the aim of assessing diagnostic possibilities of both methods in the cases of pathomorphologic findings linked with perinatal risk factors and subsequent neurologic deficits. In perinatal at-risk infants (N = 11), premature infants (N = 6) and term infants (N = 5) ultrasound is a reliable diagnostic method in the detection and follow-up of intraventricular hemorrhage and perivascular leukomalacia in preterm infants, while for the diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic lesions, especially focal cortico-subcortical changes in term infants, besides ultrasound it is necessary to perform CT. In perinatal infants (N = 50) with neurologic deficits at the age of 2-5 years, on CT scanning, atrophic changes were found in 50% of cases, while in 10% vascular lesions were observed, and a combination of atrophic and vascular lesions was found in 28% of the cases examined. In the group of infants (N = 20) with neurologic deficits (II and III trimenon) without risk factors, on CT scanning the pathomorphologic finding was identified as a vascular or atrophic lesion. In the authors' opinion, CT is the only objective method in the detection of the precise localization and evaluation of lesions in children with neurologic deficits after their first year of life.
对81例新生儿进行了超声和/或CT临床评估，目的是评估这两种方法在与围产期危险因素及随后神经功能缺损相关的病理形态学发现病例中的诊断可能性。在围产期高危婴儿（n = 11）、早产儿（n = 6）和足月儿（n = 5）中，超声是检测和随访早产儿脑室内出血和脑室周围白质软化的可靠诊断方法，而对于诊断缺氧缺血性病变，尤其是足月儿的局灶性皮质-皮质下改变，除超声外还需进行CT检查。在2至5岁有神经功能缺损的围产期婴儿（n = 50）中，CT扫描发现50%的病例有萎缩性改变，10%观察到血管病变，28%的受检病例发现萎缩性和血管性病变并存。在无危险因素的有神经功能缺损（妊娠中期II和III期）的婴儿组（n = 20）中，CT扫描的病理形态学发现为血管性或萎缩性病变。作者认为，CT是检测1岁后有神经功能缺损儿童病变的精确定位和评估的唯一客观方法。
