From the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (A.M., J.B., M.G.M., D.C.R., T.L.J., P.W.G., S.R.Z.), Parasitic Diseases Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health (M.L.E., B.A.M.), Biotechnology Core Facility, Division of Scientific Resources, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (M.A.F.), Waterborne Disease Prevention Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (G.S.V.), and Mycotic Diseases Branch (C.D.P.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Emory University School of Medicine (A.H.) - all in Atlanta; Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana School of Health Sciences (C.A.A., A.H., A.V.H., L.R.D.), Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana (C.A.A.), and Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe (A.H., A.V.H.), Medellín, and Centros Especializados de San Vicente Fundación, Rionegro (C.A.A.) - all in Colombia; Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan (A.I.); and the Department of Life Sciences, Division of Parasites and Vectors, Natural History Museum, London (P.D.O.).
N Engl J Med. 2015 Nov 5;373(19):1845-52. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1505892.
Neoplasms occur naturally in invertebrates but are not known to develop in tapeworms. We observed nests of monomorphic, undifferentiated cells in samples from lymph-node and lung biopsies in a man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The morphologic features and invasive behavior of the cells were characteristic of cancer, but their small size suggested a nonhuman origin. A polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay targeting eukaryotes identified Hymenolepis nana DNA. Although the cells were unrecognizable as tapeworm tissue, immunohistochemical staining and probe hybridization labeled the cells in situ. Comparative deep sequencing identified H. nana structural genomic variants that are compatible with mutations described in cancer. Invasion of human tissue by abnormal, proliferating, genetically altered tapeworm cells is a novel disease mechanism that links infection and cancer.
肿瘤在无脊椎动物中自然发生，但在绦虫中尚未发现其发展。我们在一名感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的男子的淋巴结和肺活检样本中观察到形态单一、未分化细胞的巢。这些细胞的形态特征和侵袭行为具有癌症的特征，但它们的体积较小提示其非人类起源。针对真核生物的聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测鉴定出了微小膜壳绦虫的 DNA。尽管这些细胞无法识别为绦虫组织，但免疫组织化学染色和探针杂交原位标记了这些细胞。比较深度测序鉴定出微小膜壳绦虫结构基因组变异，与癌症中描述的突变相容。异常增殖、遗传改变的绦虫细胞侵犯人类组织是一种将感染与癌症联系起来的新型疾病机制。
