Leve Leslie D, Khurana Atika, Reich Emily B
University of Oregon.
Dev Psychopathol. 2015 Nov;27(4 Pt 2):1429-42. doi: 10.1017/S0954579415000851.
Despite the commonly held belief that there is a high degree of intergenerational continuity in maltreatment, studies to date suggest a mixed pattern of findings. One reason for the variance in findings may be related to the measurement approach used, which includes a range of self-report and official indicators of maltreatment and both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. This study attempted to shed light on the phenomenon of intergenerational continuity of maltreatment by examining multiple indicators of perpetration of maltreatment in young adults and multiple risk factors across different levels within an individual's social ecology. The sample included 166 women who had been placed in out-of-home care as adolescents (>85% had a substantiated maltreatment incident) and followed into young adulthood, and included three waves of adolescent data and six waves of young adult data collected across 10 years. The participants were originally recruited during adolescence as part of a randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy of the Treatment Foster Care Oregon intervention. Analyses revealed weak to modest associations among the three indicators of perpetration of maltreatment in young adulthood, that is, official child welfare records, self-reported child welfare system involvement, and self-reported maltreatment (r = .03-.51). Further, different patterns of prediction emerged as a function of the measurement approach. Adolescent delinquency was a significant predictor of subsequent self-reported child welfare contact, and young adult partner risk was a significant predictor of perpetration of maltreatment as indexed by both official child welfare records and self-reported child welfare contact. In addition, women who were originally assigned to the intervention condition reported perpetrating less maltreatment during young adulthood. Implications for measurement and interventions related to reducing the risk for intergenerational transmission of risk are discussed.
尽管人们普遍认为虐待行为存在高度的代际连续性，但迄今为止的研究结果呈现出混合模式。研究结果存在差异的一个原因可能与所采用的测量方法有关，该方法包括一系列虐待行为的自我报告和官方指标，以及横断面和纵向设计。本研究试图通过考察年轻成年人中虐待行为的多种实施指标以及个体社会生态系统中不同层面的多种风险因素，来阐明虐待行为的代际连续性现象。样本包括166名在青少年时期被安置在家庭外照料机构的女性（超过85%有经证实的虐待事件），并追踪至成年早期，研究收集了10年间青少年时期的三波数据和成年早期的六波数据。参与者最初是在青少年时期作为一项随机对照试验的一部分被招募的，该试验旨在检验俄勒冈州治疗性寄养干预措施的效果。分析显示，成年早期虐待行为的三个指标之间存在微弱到中等程度的关联，即官方儿童福利记录、自我报告的儿童福利系统参与情况以及自我报告的虐待行为（r = 0.03 - 0.51）。此外，根据测量方法的不同出现了不同的预测模式。青少年犯罪是随后自我报告的儿童福利接触的一个重要预测因素，而成年早期伴侣风险是官方儿童福利记录和自我报告的儿童福利接触所索引的虐待行为实施的一个重要预测因素。此外，最初被分配到干预组的女性在成年早期报告的虐待行为较少。文中讨论了与降低风险代际传播风险相关的测量和干预措施的意义。
