Tamayo-Fonseca Nayara, Nolasco Andreu, Quesada Jose A, Pereyra-Zamora Pamela, Melchor Inmaculada, Moncho Joaquin, Calabuig Julia, Barona Carmen
Department of Community Nursing, Research Unit for the Analysis of Mortality and Health Statistics, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science. University of Alicante. Campus de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, Apartado 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain.
Registro de Mortalidad de la Comunidad Valenciana, Servicio de Estudios Epidemiológicos y Estadísticas Sanitarias. Subdirección General de Epidemiología y Vigilancia de la Salud. Conselleria de Sanitat, Plaza de España 6, 03010, Alicante, Spain.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2015 Nov 4;15:492. doi: 10.1186/s12913-015-1158-8.
Self-rated health is a subjective measure that has been related to indicators such as mortality, morbidity, functional capacity, and the use of health services. In Spain, there are few longitudinal studies associating self-rated health with hospital services use. The purpose of this study is to analyze the association between self-rated health and socioeconomic, demographic, and health variables, and the use of hospital services among the general population in the Region of Valencia, Spain.
Longitudinal study of 5,275 adults who were included in the 2005 Region of Valencia Health Survey and linked to the Minimum Hospital Data Set between 2006 and 2009. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios between use of hospital services and self-rated health, sex, age, educational level, employment status, income, country of birth, chronic conditions, disability and previous use of hospital services.
By the end of a 4-year follow-up period, 1,184 participants (22.4%) had used hospital services. Use of hospital services was associated with poor self-rated health among both men and women. In men, it was also associated with unemployment, low income, and the presence of a chronic disease. In women, it was associated with low educational level, the presence of a disability, previous hospital services use, and the presence of chronic disease. Interactions were detected between self-rated health and chronic disease in men and between self-rated health and educational level in women.
Self-rated health acts as a predictor of hospital services use. Various health and socioeconomic variables provide additional predictive capacity. Interactions were detected between self-rated health and other variables that may reflect different complex predictive models, by gender.
自评健康是一种主观测量方法，与死亡率、发病率、功能能力和医疗服务使用等指标相关。在西班牙，将自评健康与医院服务使用相关联的纵向研究较少。本研究的目的是分析西班牙巴伦西亚地区普通人群中自评健康与社会经济、人口统计学和健康变量之间的关联，以及医院服务的使用情况。
对纳入2005年巴伦西亚地区健康调查的5275名成年人进行纵向研究，并将其与2006年至2009年的最低医院数据集相链接。使用逻辑回归模型计算医院服务使用与自评健康、性别、年龄、教育水平、就业状况、收入、出生国家、慢性病、残疾和既往医院服务使用之间的比值比。
在4年的随访期结束时，1184名参与者（22.4%）使用了医院服务。医院服务的使用与男性和女性的自评健康状况较差有关。在男性中，它还与失业、低收入和慢性病的存在有关。在女性中，它与低教育水平、残疾的存在、既往医院服务使用以及慢性病的存在有关。在男性中，检测到自评健康与慢性病之间的相互作用；在女性中，检测到自评健康与教育水平之间的相互作用。
自评健康可作为医院服务使用的预测指标。各种健康和社会经济变量具有额外的预测能力。检测到自评健康与其他变量之间的相互作用，这些相互作用可能反映了按性别划分的不同复杂预测模型。
