Kläning Ulla, Trumbetta Susan L, Gottesman Irving I, Skytthe Axel, Kyvik Kirsten O, Bertelsen Aksel
Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.
Department of Psychology, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA.
Behav Genet. 2016 Mar;46(2):193-204. doi: 10.1007/s10519-015-9765-z. Epub 2015 Nov 4.
We studied schizophrenia liability in a Danish population-based sample of 44 twin pairs (13 MZ, 31 DZ, SS plus OS) in order to replicate previous twin study findings using contemporary diagnostic criteria, to examine genetic liability shared between schizophrenia and other disorders, and to explore whether variance in schizophrenia liability attributable to environmental factors may have decreased with successive cohorts exposed to improvements in public health. ICD-10 diagnoses were determined by clinical interview. Although the best-fitting, most parsimonious biometric model of schizophrenia liability specified variance attributable to additive genetic and non-shared environmental factors, this model did not differ significantly from a model that also included non-additive genetic factors, consistent with recent interview-based twin studies. Schizophrenia showed strong genetic links to other psychotic disorders but much less so for the broader category of psychiatric disorders in general. We also observed a marginally significant decline in schizophrenia variance attributable to environmental factors over successive Western European cohorts, consistent perhaps with improvements in diagnosis and in prenatal and perinatal care and with a secular decline in the prevalence of schizophrenia in that region.
我们在丹麦一个基于人群的样本中研究了精神分裂症易感性，该样本包含44对双胞胎（13对同卵双胞胎，31对异卵双胞胎，单卵双生子加单卵双生子），目的是使用当代诊断标准复制先前双胞胎研究的结果，研究精神分裂症与其他疾病之间共有的遗传易感性，并探讨随着连续几代人接触到公共卫生改善措施，精神分裂症易感性中可归因于环境因素的方差是否可能已经降低。国际疾病分类第10版（ICD - 10）诊断通过临床访谈确定。尽管最适合、最简约的精神分裂症易感性生物统计学模型指定了可归因于加性遗传和非共享环境因素的方差，但该模型与也包括非加性遗传因素的模型没有显著差异，这与最近基于访谈的双胞胎研究一致。精神分裂症与其他精神障碍显示出很强的遗传联系，但与一般更广泛的精神障碍类别相比则弱得多。我们还观察到，在连续的西欧队列中，可归因于环境因素的精神分裂症方差略有显著下降，这可能与诊断、产前和围产期护理的改善以及该地区精神分裂症患病率的长期下降有关。
