Chairman, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. E-mail:
Professor of Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Cleve Clin J Med. 2015 Nov;82(11):729-32. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.82a.14096.
Botulinum toxin has several noncosmetic uses in otolaryngology. It is the primary treatment for spasmodic dysphonia and may be effective in select patients who have essential tremor of the voice. It may also be used to treat swallowing difficulties caused by cricopharyngeal dysfunction.
肉毒毒素在耳鼻喉科有多种非美容用途。它是痉挛性发声障碍的主要治疗方法，对于某些患有声带震颤的患者可能有效。它也可用于治疗因环咽肌功能障碍引起的吞咽困难。
