1 Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.
2 Violence, Injury and Peace Research Unit (VIPRU), South African Medical Research Council - University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.
J Interpers Violence. 2018 Feb;33(4):637-661. doi: 10.1177/0886260515613342. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
Although studies have described the incidence and epidemiology of adolescent homicide victimization in South Africa, little is known about the situational contexts in which they occur. This study aimed to describe the victim, offender, and event characteristics of adolescent homicide and to generate a typology based on the particular types of situational contexts associated with adolescent homicide in South Africa. Data on homicides among adolescents (15-19 years) that occurred in Johannesburg (South Africa) during the period 2001-2007 were obtained from the National Injury Mortality Surveillance System (NIMSS) and police case records. Of the 195 cases available for analysis, 81% of the victims were male. Most of the offenders were male (90%), comprising of strangers (42%) and friends/acquaintances (37%). Arguments (33%) were the most common precipitating circumstances, followed by revenge (11%), robbery (11%), and acts of vigilantism/retribution for a crime (8%). Through the use of cluster analysis, the study identified three categories of adolescent homicide: (a) male victims killed by strangers during a crime-related event, (b) male victims killed by a friend/acquaintance during an argument, and (c) female victims killed by male offenders. The results can serve to inform the development of tailored and focused strategies for the prevention of adolescent homicide.
尽管已有研究描述了南非青少年凶杀受害的发生率和流行病学特征，但对其发生的情境背景却知之甚少。本研究旨在描述青少年凶杀案件的受害者、犯罪者和事件特征，并根据与南非青少年凶杀相关的特定情境类型，生成一种类型学。研究数据来自 2001 年至 2007 年期间约翰内斯堡（南非）的国家伤害死亡率监测系统（NIMSS）和警方案件记录，涉及青少年（15-19 岁）的凶杀案件。在可分析的 195 个案例中，81%的受害者为男性。大多数犯罪者为男性（90%），包括陌生人（42%）和朋友/熟人（37%）。争吵（33%）是最常见的诱发情况，其次是报复（11%）、抢劫（11%）和为犯罪行为进行的警戒/报复行为（8%）。通过聚类分析，本研究确定了三种青少年凶杀类型：（a）在与犯罪相关的事件中被陌生人杀害的男性受害者，（b）在争吵中被朋友/熟人杀害的男性受害者，以及（c）被男性犯罪者杀害的女性受害者。研究结果可用于为预防青少年凶杀制定有针对性和重点突出的策略提供参考。
