Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083, China.
School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, China.
ACS Nano. 2015 Dec 22;9(12):12552-61. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5b06327. Epub 2015 Nov 13.
Particulate matter (PM) pollution from automobile exhaust has become one of the main pollution sources in urban environments. Although the diesel particulate filter has been used in heavy diesel vehicles, there is no particulate filter for most gasoline cars or light-duty vehicles because of high cost. Here, we introduce a self-powered triboelectric filter for removing PMs from automobile exhaust fumes using the triboelectrification effect. The finite element simulation reveals that the collision or friction between PTFE pellets and electrodes can generate large triboelectric charges and form a space electric field as high as 12 MV/m, accompanying an open-circuit voltage of ∼6 kV between the two electrodes, which is comparable to the measured value of 3 kV. By controlling the vibration frequency and fill ratio of pellets, more than 94% PMs in aerosol can be removed using the high electric field in the triboelectric filter. In real automobile exhaust fumes, the triboelectic filter has a mass collection efficiency of ∼95.5% for PM2.5 using self-vibration of the tailpipe.
汽车尾气中的颗粒物（PM）污染已成为城市环境中的主要污染源之一。尽管柴油机微粒过滤器已用于重型柴油车辆，但由于成本高，大多数汽油车或轻型车辆都没有颗粒物过滤器。在这里，我们介绍了一种自供电的摩擦电过滤器，利用摩擦起电效应从汽车尾气中去除 PM。有限元模拟表明，PTFE 颗粒与电极之间的碰撞或摩擦会产生大量的摩擦电荷，并形成高达 12 MV/m 的空间电场，两个电极之间的开路电压约为 6 kV，与实测值 3 kV 相当。通过控制颗粒的振动频率和填充率，在摩擦电过滤器中的高电场作用下，可以去除气溶胶中超过 94%的 PM。在实际的汽车尾气中，摩擦电过滤器利用排气管的自振动，对 PM2.5 的质量收集效率约为 95.5%。
