Parsons Thomas D, Carlew Anne R, Magtoto Jonlih, Stonecipher Kiefer
a Computational Neuropsychology and Simulation, Department of Psychology , University of North Texas , Denton , USA.
Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2017 Jul;27(5):777-807. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2015.1109524. Epub 2015 Nov 11.
The assessment of executive functions is an integral task of neuropsychological assessment. Traditional measures of executive function are often based on hypothetical constructs that may have little relevance to real-world behaviours. In fact, some traditional tests utilised today were not originally developed for clinical use. Recently, researchers have been arguing for a new generation of "function-led" neuropsychological assessments that are developed from directly observable everyday behaviours. Although virtual environments (VEs) have been presented as potential aides in enhancing ecological validity, many were modelled on construct-driven approaches found in traditional assessments. In the current paper, we review construct-driven and function-led VE-based neuropsychological assessments of executive functions. Overall, function-led VEs best represent the sorts of tasks needed for enhanced ecological validity and prediction of real-world functioning.
执行功能评估是神经心理学评估的一项重要任务。传统的执行功能测量方法往往基于一些假设性的概念，这些概念可能与现实世界中的行为关联不大。事实上，如今使用的一些传统测试最初并非为临床应用而开发。最近，研究人员一直在倡导新一代“功能导向”的神经心理学评估方法，这些方法是从直接可观察的日常行为中发展而来的。尽管虚拟环境（VEs）已被视为提高生态效度的潜在辅助手段，但许多虚拟环境是基于传统评估中发现的概念驱动方法构建的。在本文中，我们回顾了基于虚拟环境的执行功能的概念驱动和功能导向的神经心理学评估。总体而言，功能导向的虚拟环境最能代表提高生态效度和预测现实世界功能所需的各类任务。
