Zhu Ze, Li Jian, Zhang Bo, Li Ye, Zhang Houcan
School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Beijing Key Lab of Applied Experimental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Int J Psychol. 2017 Dec;52(6):445-452. doi: 10.1002/ijop.12235. Epub 2015 Nov 12.
In this study, 2 experiments were conducted to investigate whether motivation and positive affect can alleviate ego depletion and to elucidate their possible mechanisms. In Experiment 1, a crossing-out-letter task was adapted to reach an ego depletion state for Chinese participants. Participants were then randomly assigned to the extrinsic motivation group, the positive affect group or the depletion control group. After the experimental treatment, a dumbbell task was used to measure participants' remaining self-regulatory resources. The results showed that participants in the motivation and positive affect groups performed better on the dumbbell task than participants in the depletion control group. Experiment 2 was similar to Experiment 1 except that participants were asked to perform an additional unexpected dumbbell task after a neutral video following the above procedure. The results of Experiment 1 were replicated; however, participants' performance on the additional dumbbell task differed. The positive affect group performed better than the depletion control group, indicating an increase in self-regulatory resources and thus supporting the replenishment effect of positive affect. No significant difference was found between the motivation group and the depletion control group.
在本研究中，进行了两项实验，以调查动机和积极情绪是否能缓解自我损耗，并阐明其可能的机制。在实验1中，采用划掉字母任务使中国参与者达到自我损耗状态。然后将参与者随机分配到外部动机组、积极情绪组或损耗对照组。经过实验处理后，使用哑铃任务来测量参与者剩余的自我调节资源。结果表明，动机组和积极情绪组的参与者在哑铃任务上的表现优于损耗对照组的参与者。实验2与实验1相似，只是在上述程序之后，让参与者在观看中性视频后执行一项额外的意外哑铃任务。实验1的结果得到了重复；然而，参与者在额外哑铃任务上的表现有所不同。积极情绪组的表现优于损耗对照组，表明自我调节资源有所增加，从而支持了积极情绪的补充效应。动机组和损耗对照组之间未发现显著差异。
