Xue Meng, Lai San Chuan, Xu Zhi Peng, Wang Liang Jing
Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University.
Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University.
J Dig Dis. 2015 Dec;16(12):699-712. doi: 10.1111/1751-2980.12299.
To summarize the current evidence on the biomarkers associated with DNA methylation in the screening and diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).
A literature search was conducted on the databases of PubMed and Web of Science to identify articles published from 1 January 2000 to 6 June 2015 with language striction. Stuides focusing on the association between noninvasive biomarkers indicating DNA methylation and CRC were included.
Altogether 74 studies were finally included in the study. Varied genetic markers in the feces and blood samples were hypermethylated in patients with CRC than in the healthy controls. Some of them could even be detected at the early stage of the tumors. The sensitivity of the genetic markers was superior to that of fecal occult blood test and carcinoembryonic antigen. Multitarget DNA assays using a combination of different methylated genes could improve the diagnostic sensitivity.
Genetic markers might be minimally invasive, economical and accurate for the screening and surveillance of CRC. Large multicenter studies evaluating these biomarkers systematically and prospectively not only in CRC but also in other types of cancers are needed in the future.
总结目前与DNA甲基化相关的生物标志物在结直肠癌（CRC）筛查和诊断中的证据。
在PubMed和Web of Science数据库中进行文献检索，以识别2000年1月1日至2015年6月6日发表的有语言限制的文章。纳入关注指示DNA甲基化的非侵入性生物标志物与CRC之间关联的研究。
该研究最终共纳入74项研究。CRC患者粪便和血液样本中的多种基因标记物甲基化程度高于健康对照。其中一些甚至在肿瘤早期就能被检测到。这些基因标记物的敏感性优于粪便潜血试验和癌胚抗原。使用不同甲基化基因组合的多靶点DNA检测可提高诊断敏感性。
基因标记物对于CRC的筛查和监测可能具有微创、经济和准确的特点。未来需要开展大型多中心研究，不仅对CRC，而且对其他类型癌症系统地、前瞻性地评估这些生物标志物。
