Vujić Goran, Gonzalez-Roof Alvaro, Stanisavljević Nemanja, Ragossnig Arne M
Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Ecole des mines d'Alès, Alès, France.
Waste Manag Res. 2015 Dec;33(12):1112-20. doi: 10.1177/0734242X15611738.
Many countries in the European Union (EU) have very developed waste management systems. Some of its members have managed to reduce their landfilled waste to values close to zero during the last decade. Thus, European Union legislation is very stringent regarding waste management for their members and candidate countries, too. This raises the following questions: Is it possible for developing and developed countries to comply with the European Union waste legislation, and under what conditions? How did waste management develop in relation to the economic development in the countries of the European Union? The correlation between waste management practices and economic development was analysed for 27 of the European Union Member States for the time period between 1995 and 2007. In addition, a regression analysis was performed to estimate landfilling of waste in relation to gross domestic product for every country. The results showed a strong correlation between the waste management variables and the gross domestic product of the EU27 members. The definition of the municipal solid waste management development phases followed a closer analysis of the relation between gross domestic product and landfilled waste. The municipal solid waste management phases are characterised by high landfilling rates at low gross domestic product levels, and landfilling rates near zero at high gross domestic product levels. Hence the results emphasize the importance of wider understanding of what is required for developing countries to comply with the European Union initiatives, and highlight the importance of allowing developing countries to make their own paths of waste management development.
欧盟（EU）的许多国家都拥有非常发达的废物管理系统。在过去十年中，其一些成员国已成功将填埋垃圾量降至接近零的水平。因此，欧盟立法对其成员国和候选国家的废物管理也非常严格。这引发了以下问题：发展中国家和发达国家有可能遵守欧盟的废物立法吗？在什么条件下可以遵守？欧盟国家的废物管理与经济发展之间是如何发展的？分析了1995年至2007年期间欧盟27个成员国废物管理实践与经济发展之间的相关性。此外，还进行了回归分析，以估计每个国家与国内生产总值相关的垃圾填埋量。结果表明，废物管理变量与欧盟27个成员国的国内生产总值之间存在很强的相关性。通过对国内生产总值与填埋垃圾之间关系的进一步分析，确定了城市固体废物管理发展阶段的定义。城市固体废物管理阶段的特点是，在国内生产总值水平较低时填埋率较高，而在国内生产总值水平较高时填埋率接近零。因此，这些结果强调了更广泛理解发展中国家遵守欧盟倡议所需条件的重要性，并突出了允许发展中国家走出自己的废物管理发展道路的重要性。
