Wilhelm H, Beisse F, Rüther K
Augenheilkunde, Universitätskliniken Tübingen.
Augenheilkunde, Universitätskliniken Heidelberg.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2015 Nov;232(11):1260-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1558170. Epub 2015 Nov 17.
Non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is virtually unknown outside ophthalmology. It is characterised by acute unilateral visual loss, no pain on eye movements and virtually always optic disc swelling. Optic disc oedema resolves within 1 to 2 months, leaving behind optic atrophy. Vision hardly improves. NAION is the product of local abnormalities of the vascular supply to the optic nerve and general vascular risk factors. Of these, diabetes, hypertension and especially sleep apnoea syndrome are the most important. Recurrences in the involved eye are rare; contralateral recurrence occurs in approximately 15 % of patients. There is no clear scientific evidence for any specific therapy. However, there is general agreement that it is reasonable to control risk factors.
非动脉炎性缺血性视神经病变（NAION）在眼科领域之外几乎无人知晓。其特征为急性单侧视力丧失、眼球运动时无疼痛且几乎总是伴有视盘肿胀。视盘水肿在1至2个月内消退，遗留视神经萎缩。视力几乎不会改善。NAION是视神经局部血管供应异常和一般血管危险因素共同作用的结果。其中，糖尿病、高血压，尤其是睡眠呼吸暂停综合征最为重要。患眼复发罕见；对侧复发约见于15%的患者。尚无任何特定疗法的明确科学证据。然而，普遍认为控制危险因素是合理的。
