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监测西非布基纳法索西南部一个封闭半野外系统中冈比亚按蚊复合种群的旱季持久性

Monitoring Dry Season Persistence of Anopheles gambiae s.l. Populations in a Contained Semi-Field System in Southwestern Burkina Faso, West Africa.

作者信息

Mamai W, Simard F, Couret D, Ouedraogo G A, Renault D, Dabiré K R, Mouline K

出版信息

J Med Entomol. 2016 Jan;53(1):130-8. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjv174.

Abstract

To gain insight into the dry season survival strategies of Anopheles gambiae s.l., a new contained semi-field system was developed and used for the first time in Burkina Faso, West Africa. The system consisted of a screened greenhouse within which the local environment was reproduced, including all ecological requirements for mosquito development cycle completion. The system was seeded with the progenies of female Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles coluzzii, and Anopheles arabiensis collected in the vicinity of the greenhouse during the rainy season. After successful establishment in the semi-field system, mosquito populations were monitored over a 1-yr period by regular surveys of larval and adult specimens. We provided evidence for the persistence of adult mosquitoes throughout the dry season, in the absence of any suitable larval development site. During the hot and dry periods, adult insects were observed in artificial shelters (clay pots, building blocks, and dark corners). The mosquito population rapidly built up with the return of the rainy season in the area, when artificial breeding sites were refilled in the enclosure. However, only An. coluzzii and, later, An. arabiensis were detected in the subsequent rainy season, whereas no An. gambiae specimen was found. Our findings suggest that An. coluzzii and An. arabiensis may be able to aestivate throughout the dry season in Southwestern Burkina Faso, whereas An. gambiae might adopt a different dry-season survival strategy, such as long-distance re-colonization from distant locations. These results may have important implications for malaria control through targeted vector control interventions.

摘要

为深入了解冈比亚按蚊复合组在旱季的生存策略,在西非布基纳法索首次开发并使用了一种新的封闭式半野外系统。该系统由一个装有纱窗的温室组成,温室内再现了当地环境,包括蚊子发育周期完成所需的所有生态条件。该系统接种了雨季期间在温室附近采集的冈比亚按蚊、科氏按蚊和阿拉伯按蚊雌蚊的后代。在半野外系统中成功建立种群后,通过定期调查幼虫和成虫标本,对蚊子种群进行了为期一年的监测。我们提供了证据,证明在没有任何合适幼虫发育场所的情况下,成年蚊子在整个旱季都能存活。在炎热干燥的时期,在人工遮蔽物(陶罐、积木和黑暗角落)中观察到成年昆虫。随着该地区雨季的到来,当围栏内的人工繁殖场所重新注水时,蚊子种群迅速增加。然而,在随后的雨季中,只检测到了科氏按蚊,后来又检测到了阿拉伯按蚊,而未发现冈比亚按蚊标本。我们的研究结果表明,在布基纳法索西南部,科氏按蚊和阿拉伯按蚊可能能够在整个旱季进行夏眠,而冈比亚按蚊可能采取不同的旱季生存策略,例如从远处进行远距离重新定殖。这些结果可能对通过有针对性的病媒控制干预措施来控制疟疾具有重要意义。

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