Akopian Maja, Vallersnes Odd Martin, Jacobsen Dag, Ekeberg Øivind, Brekke Mette
Oslo universitetssykehus.
Avdeling for allmennmedisin Universitetet i Oslo og Allmennlegevakten Legevakten i Oslo Helseetaten Oslo kommune.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2015 Nov 17;135(21):1943-8. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.15.0370.
Use of and acute poisoning by substances of abuse represent a major health problem and are often linked to social destitution. We describe associations between place of residence, living conditions and the incidence of poisoning by substances of abuse in Oslo.
All patients who were 12 years of age or older and resident in Oslo and who were treated for acute poisoning by substances of abuse at the Oslo Accident and Emergency Outpatient Clinic (OAEOC) were included prospectively for a continuous period of one year, from October 2011 to September 2012. The 15 districts of Oslo were categorised into three groups of living conditions, from the best (I) to the poorest (III) living conditions, based on the City of Oslo's living conditions index. Homeless people were grouped separately. The incidence of poisoning by substances of abuse treated in the OAEOC was estimated.
Of a total of 1,560 poisonings by substances of abuse, 1,094 cases (70%) affected men. The median age was 41 years. The most frequent toxic agents were ethanol, with 915 cases (59%), and heroin, with 249 cases (16%). The incidence of poisoning by substances of abuse treated in the OAEOC per year per 1,000 inhabitants amounted to 1.75 in living conditions group I, to 2.76 in living conditions group II and 3.41 in living conditions group III. Living conditions group III had a significantly higher incidence than living conditions group II (p < 0.001), and living conditions group II had a significantly higher incidence than living conditions group I (p < 0.001).
The incidence of acute poisoning by substances of abuse was higher, the poorer the living conditions in the district.
滥用物质的使用及急性中毒是一个重大的健康问题，且常常与社会贫困相关。我们描述了奥斯陆居民的居住地点、生活条件与滥用物质中毒发生率之间的关联。
前瞻性纳入了所有年龄在12岁及以上、居住在奥斯陆且在奥斯陆事故与急诊门诊部（OAEOC）接受滥用物质急性中毒治疗的患者，为期一年，从2011年10月至2012年9月。根据奥斯陆市的生活条件指数，奥斯陆的15个区被分为三组生活条件，从最佳（I）到最差（III）。无家可归者单独分组。估算了在OAEOC接受治疗的滥用物质中毒发生率。
在总共1560例滥用物质中毒病例中，1094例（70%）为男性。中位年龄为41岁。最常见的毒物是乙醇，有915例（59%），海洛因有249例（16%）。OAEOC每年每1000名居民中接受治疗的滥用物质中毒发生率在生活条件I组为1.75，生活条件II组为2.76，生活条件III组为3.41。生活条件III组的发生率显著高于生活条件II组（p<0.001），生活条件II组的发生率显著高于生活条件I组（p<0.001）。
滥用物质急性中毒的发生率越高，则该地区的生活条件越差。
