Amar Ani, Zlochiver Sharon, Barnea Ofer
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
Cardiovasc Eng Technol. 2015 Dec;6(4):401-11. doi: 10.1007/s13239-015-0247-5. Epub 2015 Oct 5.
A biophysical detailed multiscale model of the myocardium is presented. The model was used to study the contribution of interrelated cellular mechanisms to global myocardial function. The multiscale model integrates cellular electrophysiology, excitation propagation dynamics and force development models into a geometrical fiber based model of the ventricle. The description of the cellular electrophysiology in this study was based on the Ten Tusscher-Noble-Noble-Panfilov heterogeneous model for human ventricular myocytes. A four-state model of the sarcomeric control of contraction developed by Negroni and Lascano was employed to model the intracellular mechanism of force generation. The propagation of electrical excitation was described by a reaction-diffusion equation. The 3D geometrical model of the ventricle, based on single fiber contraction was used as a platform for the evaluation of proposed models. The model represents the myocardium as an anatomically oriented array of contracting fibers with individual fiber parameters such as size, spatial location, orientation and mechanical properties. Moreover, the contracting ventricle model interacts with intraventricular blood elements linking the contractile elements to the heart's preload and afterload, thereby producing the corresponding pressure-volume loop. The results show that the multiscale ventricle model is capable of simulating mechanical contraction, pressure generation and load interactions as well as demonstrating the individual contribution of each ion current.
本文提出了一种心肌的生物物理详细多尺度模型。该模型用于研究相互关联的细胞机制对整体心肌功能的贡献。多尺度模型将细胞电生理学、兴奋传播动力学和力发展模型整合到基于心室几何纤维的模型中。本研究中细胞电生理学的描述基于Ten Tusscher-Noble-Noble-Panfilov人类心室肌细胞异质性模型。采用Negroni和Lascano开发的肌节收缩控制四态模型来模拟力产生的细胞内机制。电兴奋的传播用反应扩散方程描述。基于单纤维收缩的心室三维几何模型用作评估所提出模型的平台。该模型将心肌表示为具有个体纤维参数（如大小、空间位置、方向和力学性能）的解剖学定向收缩纤维阵列。此外，收缩心室模型与心室内血液成分相互作用，将收缩成分与心脏的前负荷和后负荷联系起来，从而产生相应的压力-容积环。结果表明，多尺度心室模型能够模拟机械收缩、压力产生和负荷相互作用，以及展示每种离子电流的个体贡献。
