Fan Shou-bin, Tian Ling-di, Zhang Dong-xu, Qu Song
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2015 Aug;36(8):2750-7.
The basic data of traffic volume, vehicle type constitute and speed on road networks in Beijing was obtained fly modei simulation and field survey. Based on actual traffic flow information and. emission factors data with temporal and spatial distribution features, emission inventory of motor vehicle exhaust in Beijing was built on the ArcGIS platform, meanwhile, the actual road emission characteristics and spatial distribution of the pollutant emissions were analyzed. The results showed that the proportion of passenger car was higher than 89% on each type of road in the urban, and the proportion of passenger car was the highest in suburban roads as well while the pickup truck, medium truck, heavy truck, motorbus, tractor and motorcycle also occupied a certain proportion. There was a positive correlation between the pollutant emission intensity and traffic volume, and the emission intensity was generally higher in daytime than nighttime, but the diurnal variation trend of PM emission was not clear for suburban roads and the emission intensity was higher in nighttime than daytime for highway. The emission intensities in urban area, south, southeast and northeast areas near urban were higher than those in the western and northern mountainous areas with lower density of road network. The ring roads in urban and highways in suburban had higher emission intensity because of the heavy traffic volume.
通过模型模拟和实地调查获取了北京市道路网络的交通流量、车型构成和速度等基础数据。基于实际交通流信息以及具有时空分布特征的排放因子数据，在ArcGIS平台上构建了北京市机动车尾气排放清单，同时分析了污染物排放的实际道路排放特征和空间分布。结果表明，城市各类道路上乘用车占比均高于89%，郊区道路上乘用车占比也最高，皮卡、中型货车、重型货车、公交车、拖拉机和摩托车也占有一定比例。污染物排放强度与交通流量呈正相关，白天排放强度总体高于夜间，但郊区道路PM排放的日变化趋势不明显，高速公路夜间排放强度高于白天。城市地区、城市周边的南部、东南部和东北部地区的排放强度高于道路网络密度较低的西部和北部山区。城市的环路和郊区的高速公路由于交通流量大，排放强度较高。
