Martínez Luis C, Zanuncio José C, Morais Wagner C C, Plata-Rueda Angelica, Cedeño-Loja Pedro E, Serrão José E
1Departamento de Biologia Geral,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,Viçosa,Minas Gerais,36570-000,Brasil.
2Departamento de Entomologia,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,Viçosa,Minas Gerais,36570-000,Brasil.
Microsc Microanal. 2015 Dec;21(6):1514-1522. doi: 10.1017/S1431927615015469. Epub 2015 Nov 25.
Podisus distinctus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a zoophytophagous insect with significant potential for use as a biological control agent in agriculture and forestry because their nymphs and adults actively prey on diverse insect species. The saliva of this insect possesses active substances that cause paralysis and death of the prey. As the first step in identifying compounds of P. distinctus saliva, this study describes the ultrastructure of the salivary glands of this predator. The salivary system of P. distinctus possesses a pair of main salivary glands with a short anterior lobe, a long posterior lobe, and a pair of tubular accessory glands. The main salivary gland of P. distinctus has no associated muscles, suggesting that the saliva-release mechanism occurs with the help of certain thorax muscles. The main salivary gland epithelium has a single layer of cells (varying from cubical to columnar) with cytoplasm rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum, spherical granules of different sizes, a nucleus with a predominance of decondensed chromatin, and nucleolus. The apical cell region has a few short microvilli and the basal region has plasma membrane infoldings. The epithelium of the accessory salivary glands possesses a single-layered epithelium of cubic cells delimiting a narrow lumen. The apical cell region has a high density of microvilli and pleomorphic mitochondria, whereas the central cell region is rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum with a well-developed nucleus and decondensed chromatin. The basal cell region is characterized by the presence of several basal plasma membrane infoldings associated with mitochondria and numerous openings to the hemocoel forming large channels. The ultrastructural characteristics suggest that the main salivary glands and accessory salivary glands play a vital role in protein synthesis for saliva production and that the accessory glands are involved in transport of materials of the hemolymph.
显角蝽（半翅目：蝽科）是一种植食性昆虫，因其若虫和成虫能主动捕食多种昆虫，在农林生物防治方面具有巨大潜力。这种昆虫的唾液含有能使猎物麻痹和死亡的活性物质。作为鉴定显角蝽唾液化合物的第一步，本研究描述了这种捕食者唾液腺的超微结构。显角蝽的唾液系统有一对主要唾液腺，具短的前叶、长的后叶，以及一对管状附属腺。显角蝽的主要唾液腺没有相关肌肉，这表明唾液释放机制是在某些胸部肌肉的帮助下发生的。主要唾液腺上皮有单层细胞（从立方形到柱状不等），细胞质富含粗面内质网、大小不同的球形颗粒、一个以解聚染色质为主的细胞核和核仁。顶端细胞区域有一些短微绒毛，基部区域有质膜内褶。附属唾液腺上皮有一层立方形细胞界定一个狭窄的管腔。顶端细胞区域有高密度的微绒毛和多形线粒体，而中央细胞区域富含粗面内质网，有一个发育良好的细胞核和解聚染色质。基部细胞区域的特征是存在几个与线粒体相关的基部质膜内褶以及许多通向血腔形成大通道的开口。超微结构特征表明，主要唾液腺和附属唾液腺在唾液产生的蛋白质合成中起重要作用，且附属腺参与血淋巴物质的运输。
