癌症化学预防中的彗星试验

Comet Assay in Cancer Chemoprevention.

作者信息

Santoro Raffaela, Ferraiuolo Maria, Morgano Gian Paolo, Muti Paola, Strano Sabrina

机构信息

Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

出版信息

Methods Mol Biol. 2016;1379:99-105. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3191-0_9.

DOI:10.1007/978-1-4939-3191-0_9

PMID:26608293

Abstract

The comet assay can be useful in monitoring DNA damage in single cells caused by exposure to genotoxic agents, such as those causing air, water, and soil pollution (e.g., pesticides, dioxins, electromagnetic fields) and chemo- and radiotherapy in cancer patients, or in the assessment of genoprotective effects of chemopreventive molecules. Therefore, it has particular importance in the fields of pharmacology and toxicology, and in both environmental and human biomonitoring. It allows the detection of single strand breaks as well as double-strand breaks and can be used in both normal and cancer cells. Here we describe the alkali method for comet assay, which allows to detect both single- and double-strand DNA breaks.

摘要

彗星试验可用于监测暴露于遗传毒性剂（如导致空气、水和土壤污染的物质，如农药、二恶英、电磁场）以及癌症患者的化疗和放疗所引起的单细胞DNA损伤，或用于评估化学预防分子的基因保护作用。因此，它在药理学和毒理学领域以及环境和人体生物监测中都具有特别重要的意义。它能够检测单链断裂和双链断裂，可用于正常细胞和癌细胞。在此，我们描述彗星试验的碱性方法，该方法能够检测单链和双链DNA断裂。