Wooding Randi, Nix John
University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas..
University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
J Voice. 2016 Nov;30(6):762.e15-762.e21. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.10.005. Epub 2015 Nov 21.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Singers are often asked to sing with a non-vibrato production. The term non-vibrato is problematic in that it is not possible for a human to sing a tone without fundamental frequency variation. Whether a singer achieves a quality of tone that is perceived as non-vibrato is an aurally subjective matter. The specific aim of this study was to determine when a tone is perceived as non-vibrato by a population of singers, voice teachers, choir directors, and speech pathologists. Using voice samples that exhibit a variety of vibrato rates and extents, the investigators sought to determine (1) if there is a threshold for the perception of non-vibrato tone with regard to vibrato extent; (2) if vibrato rate, given similar vibrato extent, does affect the perceptual threshold of non-vibrato tone; and (3) if there are differences in the perceptual threshold of non-vibrato tone across the different professions of the research subjects.
Survey.
Participants responded to an online survey featuring 40 randomized samples of soprano voices singing [ɑ] with a variety of vibrato rates and extents. Some samples were repeated to test subject response reliability.
Results indicate that a perceptual threshold exists with regard to vibrato extent. However, vibrato rate significantly affected where this extent threshold occurred for the participants. Vibrato extent and rate work together to affect perception of non-vibrato tone. Significant differences were not found across the different groups.
目的/假设：歌手常常被要求用无颤音的方式演唱。“无颤音”这个术语存在问题，因为人类不可能唱出没有基频变化的音调。歌手是否能唱出被认为是无颤音的音质是一个听觉上的主观问题。本研究的具体目的是确定一群歌手、声乐教师、合唱团指挥和言语病理学家在何时会将一个音调感知为无颤音。研究人员使用展示了各种颤音速率和幅度的语音样本，试图确定：（1）对于无颤音音调的感知，在颤音幅度方面是否存在一个阈值；（2）在颤音幅度相似的情况下，颤音速率是否会影响无颤音音调的感知阈值；以及（3）研究对象的不同职业在无颤音音调的感知阈值上是否存在差异。
调查。
参与者对一项在线调查做出回应，该调查包含40个随机抽取的女高音演唱[ɑ]的样本，这些样本具有各种颤音速率和幅度。一些样本被重复播放以测试受试者反应的可靠性。
结果表明在颤音幅度方面存在一个感知阈值。然而，颤音速率对参与者而言显著影响了这个幅度阈值出现的位置。颤音幅度和速率共同作用影响对无颤音音调的感知。不同组之间未发现显著差异。
