Jaque S Victoria, Karamanukyan Isabel H, Thomson Paula
Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA 91330, USA. Tel 818-372-6240, fax 818-677-3207.
Med Probl Perform Art. 2015 Dec;30(4):189-96. doi: 10.21091/mppa.2015.4036.
The psychological and physiological effects of performance were investigated in two professional orchestral conductors, with data collected prior to, during, and after a rehearsal and a public performance. The participants were given a battery of psychological self-report tests (anxiety, dissociation, health inventory, fantasy proneness, shame, and flow). Ambulatory physiological monitoring (Vivometric LifeShirt® system) was conducted during both a rehearsal and public performance to gather information about the autonomic nervous system and heart rate variability (HRV). One conductor had a history of asthma and anxiety, and the second conductor had coronary artery disease. The results revealed within-subject and between-subject differences in autonomic nervous system responses and HRV during several conditions (pre-performance rest, stair-climbing, rehearsal, and performance). Based on heart rate, the physiological demands of professional conducting are reflective of work intensities considered "hard." Both conductors experienced high flow states. Anxiety and coronary artery disease may have attenuated HRV resilience in this study. It is recommended that noninvasive methods be implemented to assess cardiac autonomic activity in professional conductors, particularly during engagement in their professional activities. The findings suggest a need to further study anxiety, respiratory conditions, and cardiovascular risks for conductors.
研究了两名专业管弦乐队指挥在排练和公开演出之前、期间及之后的表现所产生的心理和生理影响，并收集了相关数据。参与者接受了一系列心理自评测试（焦虑、解离、健康量表、幻想倾向、羞耻感和心流体验）。在排练和公开演出期间均进行了动态生理监测（Vivometric LifeShirt® 系统），以收集有关自主神经系统和心率变异性（HRV）的信息。一名指挥有哮喘和焦虑病史，另一名指挥患有冠状动脉疾病。结果显示，在几种情况下（演出前休息、爬楼梯、排练和演出），自主神经系统反应和 HRV 存在个体内差异和个体间差异。基于心率，专业指挥的生理需求反映了被认为 “高强度” 的工作强度。两名指挥都经历了高度的心流状态。在本研究中，焦虑和冠状动脉疾病可能削弱了 HRV 的恢复能力。建议采用非侵入性方法来评估专业指挥的心脏自主活动，尤其是在他们从事专业活动期间。研究结果表明有必要进一步研究指挥的焦虑、呼吸状况和心血管风险。
