Tauler Margalida, Vila Joaquim, Nieto José María, Grifoll Magdalena
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Apr;100(7):3321-36. doi: 10.1007/s00253-015-7195-8. Epub 2015 Dec 5.
A novel biphasic system containing mineral medium and sand coated with a biologically weathered creosote-PAH mixture was developed to specifically enrich the high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (HMW PAH)-degrading community from a creosote-polluted soil. This consortium (UBHP) removed 70% of the total HMW PAHs and their alkyl-derivatives in 12 weeks. Based on a combined culture-dependent/independent approach, including clone library analysis, detection of catabolic genes, metabolomic profiles, and characterization of bacterial isolates, 10 phylotypes corresponding to five major genera (Sphingobium, Sphingomonas, Achromobacter, Pseudomonas, and Mycobacterium) were pointed out as key players within the community. In response to exposure to different single PAHs, members of sphingomonads were associated to the utilization of phenanthrene, fluoranthene, benzo[a]anthracene, and chrysene, while the degradation of pyrene was mainly associated to low-abundance mycobacteria. In addition to them, a number of uncultured phylotypes were detected, being of special relevance a group of Gammaproteobacteria closely related to a group previously associated with pyrene degradation that were here related to benzo(a)anthracene degradation. The overall environmental relevance of these phylotypes was confirmed by pyrosequencing analysis of the microbial community shift in the creosote-polluted soil during a lab-scale biostimulation.
开发了一种新型双相系统，该系统包含矿物培养基和涂有生物风化杂酚油 - 多环芳烃混合物的沙子，用于从受杂酚油污染的土壤中特异性富集降解高分子量多环芳烃（HMW PAH）的群落。该菌群（UBHP）在12周内去除了70%的总HMW PAHs及其烷基衍生物。基于依赖培养和不依赖培养相结合的方法，包括克隆文库分析、分解代谢基因检测、代谢组学分析以及细菌分离株的表征，指出了对应于五个主要属（鞘氨醇单胞菌属、鞘脂单胞菌属、无色杆菌属、假单胞菌属和分枝杆菌属）的10个系统发育型是群落中的关键成员。响应于暴露于不同的单一PAHs，鞘脂单胞菌属成员与菲、荧蒽、苯并[a]蒽和芘的利用相关，而芘的降解主要与低丰度分枝杆菌相关。除此之外，还检测到一些未培养的系统发育型，特别相关的是一组与先前与芘降解相关的菌群密切相关的γ-变形菌，在这里它们与苯并(a)蒽降解相关。通过对实验室规模生物刺激过程中杂酚油污染土壤中微生物群落变化的焦磷酸测序分析，证实了这些系统发育型的整体环境相关性。
