Jansen Anita, Houben Katrijn, Roefs Anne
Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University , Maastricht, Netherlands.
Front Psychol. 2015 Nov 27;6:1807. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01807. eCollection 2015.
Change your lifestyle: decrease your energy intake and increase your energy expenditure, is what obesity experts tell people who need to lose weight. Though the advice might be correct, it appears to be extremely difficult to change one's lifestyle. Unhealthy habits usually are ingrained and hard to change, especially for people with an "obese cognitive profile." Knowledge of the cognitive mechanisms that maintain unhealthy eating habits is necessary for the development of interventions that can change behavior effectively. This paper discusses some cognitive processes that might maintain unhealthy eating habits and make healthier eating difficult, like increased food cue reactivity, weak executive skills and attention bias. An effort is also done to translate these basic scientific findings into new interventions which aim to tackle the sabotaging cognitive processes. Preliminary studies into the effectiveness of these interventions, if available, are presented.
减少能量摄入并增加能量消耗，这是肥胖专家告诉需要减肥的人的建议。尽管这个建议可能是正确的，但改变一个人的生活方式似乎极其困难。不健康的习惯通常根深蒂固且难以改变，尤其是对于具有“肥胖认知特征”的人。了解维持不健康饮食习惯的认知机制对于开发能够有效改变行为的干预措施是必要的。本文讨论了一些可能维持不健康饮食习惯并使健康饮食变得困难的认知过程，比如食物线索反应性增加、执行技能薄弱和注意力偏差。同时也努力将这些基础科学发现转化为旨在解决破坏性行为的认知过程的新干预措施。如果有相关研究，还会介绍这些干预措施有效性的初步研究情况。
