Smykal Vlastimil, Raikhel Alexander S
Department of Entomology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2015 Oct 1;11:31-38. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2015.08.003.
The amino acid-Target of Rapamycin (AA/TOR) and insulin pathways play a pivotal role in reproduction of female insects, serving as regulatory checkpoints that guarantee the sufficiency of nutrients for developing eggs. Being evolutionary older, the AA/TOR pathway functions as an initial nutritional sensor that not only activates nutritional responses in a tissue-specific manner, but is also involved in the control of insect insulin-like peptides (ILPs) secretion. Insulin and AA/TOR pathways also assert their nutritionally linked influence on reproductive events by contributing to the control of biosynthesis and secretion of juvenile hormone and ecdysone. This review covers the present status of our understanding of the contributions of AA/TOR and insulin pathways in insect reproduction.
氨基酸-雷帕霉素靶蛋白(AA/TOR)和胰岛素信号通路在雌性昆虫繁殖中起关键作用,作为调节检查点确保发育中的卵有充足营养。作为进化上更古老的通路,AA/TOR通路作为初始营养传感器,不仅以组织特异性方式激活营养反应,还参与昆虫胰岛素样肽(ILP)分泌的控制。胰岛素和AA/TOR通路还通过参与保幼激素和蜕皮激素的生物合成及分泌控制,对生殖事件施加营养相关影响。本文综述了我们目前对AA/TOR和胰岛素信号通路在昆虫繁殖中作用的理解现状。