绝经后女性外阴阴道症状的患病率及其与其他更年期症状和盆底功能障碍的关系。
Vulvovaginal symptoms prevalence in postmenopausal women and relationship to other menopausal symptoms and pelvic floor disorders.
作者信息
Erekson Elisabeth A, Li Fang-Yong, Martin Deanna K, Fried Terri R
机构信息
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 2The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Lebanon, NH 3Yale Center for Analytical Sciences at Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 4Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 5Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, CT.
出版信息
Menopause. 2016 Apr;23(4):368-75. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000000549.
OBJECTIVE
The primary objective of this study was to use the Vulvovaginal Symptom Questionnaire (VSQ) to estimate the prevalence and examine the emotional, lifestyle, and sexual impact of vulvovaginal symptoms in postmenopausal women.
METHODS
We administered the VSQ, a previous validated instrument to 358 postmenopausal women recruited from primary care physician offices and local senior centers. The first seven questions of the VSQ comprise the symptom subscale (itching, burning, hurting, irritation, dryness, discharge, and odor). Women who answered "Yes" to any of the first seven symptom questions were considered to have vulvovaginal symptoms.
RESULTS
Two hundred seventy-nine women were recruited from primary care offices and 79 women were recruited from senior centers. One hundred eighty-three postmenopausal women (51.1%; 95% CI 45.9%, 56.3%) reported at least one vulvovaginal symptom. The most common symptom was being dry 35.8% (n/N = 128/358). Ten percent of women (n/N = 38/358) reported five or more symptoms and 6% of women reported all seven symptoms in the last week. For women reporting one or more vulvovaginal symptoms, 40.4% (n/N = 74/183) reported emotional impact (Yes to ≥1 out of 4 emotional impact subscale items) and 32.8% (n/N = 60/183) reported lifestyle impact (Yes to ≥1 out of 5 lifestyle impact subscale items) from these symptoms. For sexually active women reporting vulvovaginal symptoms, 75.3% (n/N = 67/89) reported sexual impact (Yes to ≥1 out of 4 sexual impact subscale items). Vulvovaginal symptoms were associated with increased co-occurrence of specific pelvic floor disorders, including pelvic organ prolapse (P = 0.001), anal incontinence to solid stool (P = 0.001), urinary frequency (P = 0.02), urgency urinary incontinence (P = 0.001), and dysuria (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Vulvovaginal symptoms are common and present in over 50% of postmenopausal women. Sizeable proportions of women with vulvovaginal symptoms report emotional, lifestyle, and sexual impact from these symptoms.
目的
本研究的主要目的是使用外阴阴道症状问卷（VSQ）来估计绝经后女性外阴阴道症状的患病率，并研究这些症状对情绪、生活方式和性方面的影响。
方法
我们将VSQ（一种先前已验证的工具）应用于从初级保健医生办公室和当地老年中心招募的358名绝经后女性。VSQ的前七个问题构成症状子量表（瘙痒、灼烧感、疼痛、刺激感、干燥、分泌物和异味）。对前七个症状问题中任何一个回答“是”的女性被认为有外阴阴道症状。
结果
从初级保健办公室招募了279名女性，从老年中心招募了79名女性。183名绝经后女性（51.1%；95%置信区间45.9%，56.3%）报告至少有一种外阴阴道症状。最常见的症状是干燥，占35.8%（n/N = 128/358）。10%的女性（n/N = 38/358）报告有五种或更多症状，6%的女性报告在过去一周出现了所有七种症状。对于报告有至少一种外阴阴道症状的女性，40.4%（n/N = 74/183）报告有情绪影响（在4个情绪影响子量表项目中对≥1个回答“是”），32.8%（n/N = 60/183）报告有生活方式影响（在5个生活方式影响子量表项目中对≥1个回答“是”）。对于报告有外阴阴道症状的性活跃女性，75.3%（n/N = 67/89）报告有性方面的影响（在4个性方面影响子量表项目中对≥1个回答“是”）。外阴阴道症状与特定盆底疾病的共现增加相关，包括盆腔器官脱垂（P = 0.001）、固体粪便肛门失禁（P = 0.
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