Holmgren J, Clemens J, Sack D A, Svennerholm A M
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Vaccine. 1989 Apr;7(2):94-6. doi: 10.1016/0264-410x(89)90042-x.
Development of improved cholera vaccines has progressed rapidly in recent years. An oral killed vaccine, designed to evoke antibacterial as well as antitoxic intestinal immunity, has proved to be completely safe and to protect against cholera for at least 3 years. This vaccine also confers substantial though more short-lasting immunity against diarrhoea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Significant progress has also been made towards developing a live attenuated cholera vaccine using recombinant DNA techniques. The advent of effective oral cholera vaccines gives hope for improved control of cholera in the Third World.
近年来，改良霍乱疫苗的研发进展迅速。一种口服灭活疫苗，旨在激发抗菌以及抗毒性肠道免疫，已被证明完全安全，并且能预防霍乱至少3年。这种疫苗还能对产肠毒素大肠杆菌引起的腹泻提供显著但持续时间较短的免疫力。利用重组DNA技术开发减毒活霍乱疫苗也取得了重大进展。有效口服霍乱疫苗的出现为改善第三世界霍乱的控制带来了希望。
